Table 3.
Group means and differences with respect to the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System sleep-related impairment short form 8b (sleep disturbance), School Burnout Inventory (burnout), and The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (depression and anxiety) scores at baseline and >8 weeks. Sleep disturbance indices were lower in the app group than the wait-list group at >8 weeks.
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Time 1 | Time 2 | F test (df) | ||||||
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App group, mean (SD) | Wait-list group, mean (SD) | t test (df) | App group, mean (SD) | Wait-list group, mean (SD) | t test (df) |
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| Sleep disturbance | 51.9 (9.99) | 54.1 (2.99) | –0.57 (12) | 42.2 (7.45) | 53.4 (7.15) | –2.93a (12) | 8.68a (1, 12) | ||
| Depression | 3.00 (2.23) | 4.86 (2.67) | –1.41 (12) | 3.14 (2.41) | 4.00 (2.83) | –0.61 (12) | 0.48 (1, 12) | ||
| Anxiety | 5.14 (3.08) | 8.00 (3.96) | –1.51 (12) | 3.43 (2.82) | 4.57 (4.20) | –0.60 (12) | 0.28 (1, 12) | ||
| Burnout | 30.7 (6.21) | 34.0 (5.48) | –1.05 (12) | 29.9 (8.69) | 34.9 (7.67) | –1.14 (12) | 0.58 (1, 12) | ||
aStatistically significant at P<.05.