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. 2021 Oct 7;297(5):101286. doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101286

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Amyloid formation and phase diagram at varying concentrations of NaCl and HCl.A and E, maximum values of ThT fluorescence (blue) and LS (red) at varying concentrations of NaCl (A) and HCl (E) in the presence of 10 mM HCl. Open symbols indicate the average values and small closed symbols indicate the observed data; when only one data point was available, they are overlapped. The concentrations of NaCl and HCl were plotted after subtraction of the 10 mM HCl component. B and F, maximum values of ThT fluorescence under neutral conditions (blue) and CD ellipticities at 220 nm (black). C and G, CD spectra obtained after amyloid formation at varying concentrations of NaCl (C) and HCl (G). The CD spectrum at 0 mM HCl (G) was taken from 0 mM NaCl (C). D and H, phase diagram of HCl- or NaCl-induced amyloid formation plotted by the conformational states. Monomer and amyloid fibrils and amorphous aggregates are represented by white and blue and red circles, respectively. The Cl− concentration on the vertical axis was plotted either linearly (D) or in a log scale (H). The shaded area is prohibited owing to an increase in the concentration of Cl− with a decrease in the pH of the solution. To construct the phase diagram, Cl− concentration-dependent amyloid formations at 200, 500, and 700 mM Cl− in 10 mM HCl were measured (Figs. S4, A–C and S5, A–C), and NaCl concentration-dependent amyloid formations at pH 1.5 were measured (Figs. S4D and S5D).