TABLE 1.
Characteristics of the study participants who were nonpregnant women of reproductive age (15–49 years old) in the Andhra Pradesh Children and Parents Study and Indian Migration Study1
| Overall cohort | Younger women (15–29 years old) | Older women (30–49 years old) | P value2 (older compared | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 3041 | n = 1449 | n = 1592 | with younger) | |
| Age, years | 32.4 (10.7) | 22.2 (3.7) | 41.8 (4.8) | |
| Anthropometry | ||||
| Height (cm) | 152.0 (5.7) | 152.8 (5.7) | 151.3 (5.6) | <0.001 |
| Weight, kg | 49.2 (10.7) | 45.6 (9.0) | 52.4 (11.0) | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 21.3 (4.3) | 19.5 (3.5) | 22.8 (4.4) | <0.001 |
| Dietary intake | ||||
| Energy, kcal/d | 1975 (695) | 2043 (705) | 1913 (681) | <0.001 |
| Protein, g/d | 47.9 (18.2) | 49.2 (18) | 46.7 (18) | <0.001 |
| Protein, % energy | 9.7 (1.1) | 9.6 (1.0) | 9.7 (1.3) | 0.011 |
| Fat, g/d | 42.8 (23.0) | 44.5 (23.0) | 41.2 (24.0) | <0.001 |
| Fat, % energy | 19.2 (5.9) | 19.3 (5.7) | 19.0 (6.1) | 0.127 |
| Calcium, mg/d | 483 (280) | 463 (242) | 501 (309) | <0.001 |
| Fiber, g/d | 8.0 (4.6) | 8.3 (4.5) | 7.7 (4.6) | 0.001 |
| Iron, mg/d | 10.6 (5.6) | 10.6 (4.9) | 10.5 (6.1) | 0.841 |
| Cholesterol, mg/d | 129 (85.0) | 131 (87.0) | 128 (84.0) | 0.454 |
| Zinc, mg/d | 7.6 (2.7) | 7.8 (2.7) | 7.4 (2.7) | <0.001 |
| Vitamin A, μg/d | 622 (626) | 569 (484) | 670 (728) | <0.001 |
| Folate, μg/d | 201 (92.0) | 208 (89.0) | 194 (94.0) | <0.001 |
| Vitamin B12, μg/d | 3.1 (5.6) | 2.5 (4.9) | 3.6 (6.1) | <0.001 |
| Diet scores | ||||
| GDQS | 23.0 (3.6) | 23.2 (3.5) | 22.8 (3.7) | 0.006 |
| GDQS+ | 11.8 (4.0) | 12.1 (3.8) | 11.5 (4.1) | <0.001 |
| GDQS− | 11.3 (1.4) | 11.1 (1.4) | 11.4 (1.4) | <0.001 |
| AHEI-2010 | 26.9 (4.8) | 27.1 (4.8) | 26.7 (4.9) | 0.010 |
| MDD-W | 6.3 (1.5) | 6.3 (1.4) | 6.3 (1.5) | 0.223 |
1
Values are means (SDs) unless otherwise noted. AHEI-2010, Alternative Healthy Eating Index–2010; GDQS, Global Diet Quality Score; GDQS−, Global Diet Quality Score negative submetric; GDQS+, Global Diet Quality Score positive submetric; MDD-W, Minimum Diet Diversity for Women.
2
Welch 2-sample t-test.