Table 1.

Extra-Intestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Organ System	Manifestations	Prevalence
Gastrointestinal	Primary sclerosing cholangitis Autoimmune pancreatitis Autoimmune hepatitis	UC: up to 5%; CD: rare rare rare (< 1%)
Mucocutaneous	Erythema nodosum Pyoderma gangrenosum Oral aphthous ulcers Sweet’s syndrome Orofacial granulomatosis	5–15% in CD; 2–10% in UC 0.4 – 2.6% in IBD 5–50% in CD rare rare
Musculoskeletal	IBD-related arthritis  peripheral arthritis  axial arthritis  enthesitis	CD: 10–20% ; UC: 4–14% Up to 50% in CD (asymptomatic)
Ocular	Episcleritis and scleritis Anterior Uveitis	Scleritis: up to 1%; CD 5–12%; UC 3.5–4.1%
Pulmonary	Pneumonitis	rare
Vascular	Cardiovascular disease Thromboembolism Portal vein thrombosis	n.a. 3–4 fold increase rare