Fig. 5.

Graphical representation of the net spore output (per exposed host) for the parasites Metschnikowia and Ordospora, as compared between single and co-exposure treatments, to answer the following: (A) How does Metschnikowia respond to later arrival of Ordospora? (B) How does Metschnikowia respond to prior infection by Ordospora? (C) How does Ordospora respond to later arrival of Metschnikowia? (D) How does Ordospora respond to prior infection by Metschnikowia? Error bars depict the standard error of the mean. Significance levels are provided by analysis of variance (F-test) across single and co-exposure treatments with shared timing of infection: *P ⩽ 0.05.