Table 1:
Characteristics of participants with normal blood pressure at baseline, overall, and among those who maintained and did not maintain normal blood pressure during follow-up.
| Maintained normal blood pressure | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Overall (N = 757) |
Yes (N = 262) |
No (N = 495) |
| Socio-demographic characteristics | |||
| Age at visit 1, years | 46.4 (11.1) | 43.8 (10.9) | 47.7 (11.1) |
| Age at visit 2, years | 51.1 (11.1) | 48.5 (10.8) | 52.4 (11.0) |
| Age at visit 3, years | 54.4 (11.1) | 51.8 (10.9) | 55.8 (11.0) |
| Male | 33.4 | 33.2 | 33.5 |
| Income less than $25,000 at visit 1 | 25.0 | 26.5 | 24.2 |
| Income less than $25,000 at visit 3 | 23.9 | 19.1 | 26.5 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | |||
| Visit 1 | 110.1 (6.6) | 107.4 (7.0) | 111.5 (5.9) |
| Visit 2 | 116.8 (12.5) | 107.7 (7.2) | 121.5 (12.1) |
| Visit 3 | 118.6 (13.9) | 108.2 (7.1) | 124.1 (13.5) |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | |||
| Visit 1 | 70.2 (5.8) | 68.9 (5.5) | 70.9 (5.9) |
| Visit 2 | 71.8 (8.5) | 67.2 (6.0) | 74.2 (8.6) |
| Visit 3 | 73.7 (9.6) | 68.3 (6.0) | 76.6 (9.9) |
| Lifestyle factors | |||
| Body mass index at visit 1 | |||
| Obese | 41.2 | 37.8 | 43.0 |
| Overweight | 37.5 | 35.5 | 38.6 |
| Normal | 21.3 | 26.7 | 18.4 |
| Body mass index at visit 2 | |||
| Obese | 47.0 | 44.7 | 48.2 |
| Overweight | 37.7 | 34.4 | 39.5 |
| Normal | 15.3 | 21.0 | 12.3 |
| Body mass index at visit 3 | |||
| Obese | 50.0 | 45.4 | 52.4 |
| Overweight | 34.6 | 35.5 | 34.1 |
| Normal | 15.4 | 19.1 | 13.5 |
| Physical activity at visit 1 | |||
| Poor | 38.3 | 33.7 | 40.8 |
| Intermediate | 37.3 | 37.6 | 37.2 |
| Ideal | 24.3 | 28.7 | 22.0 |
| Physical activity at visit 3 | |||
| Poor | 35.9 | 33.5 | 37.1 |
| Intermediate | 35.8 | 36.1 | 35.7 |
| Ideal | 28.3 | 30.3 | 27.2 |
| Healthy diet at visit 1 | 38.9 | 36.1 | 40.3 |
| No alcohol consumption at visit 1 | 44.7 | 44.0 | 45.2 |
| No alcohol consumption at visit 3 | 44.3 | 42.7 | 45.1 |
| Never smoker at visit 1 | 87.6 | 85.6 | 91.3 |
| Never smoker at visit 3 | 89.6 | 88.6 | 91.5 |
| Psychosocial factors | |||
| Weekly stress at visit 1 | |||
| High | 33.3 | 32.1 | 34.0 |
| Moderate | 33.3 | 35.9 | 32.0 |
| Low | 33.3 | 32.0 | 34.0 |
| Anger in at visit 1 | |||
| High | 29.8 | 28.5 | 30.5 |
| Moderate | 34.3 | 36.7 | 33.0 |
| Low | 35.9 | 34.8 | 36.5 |
| Anger out at visit 1 | |||
| High | 33.3 | 30.2 | 35.0 |
| Moderate | 29.9 | 30.4 | 29.7 |
| Low | 36.8 | 39.4 | 35.3 |
| Anger in at visit 3 | |||
| High | 31.7 | 30.6 | 32.3 |
| Moderate | 35.5 | 37.0 | 34.8 |
| Low | 32.7 | 32.4 | 32.9 |
| Anger out at visit 3 | |||
| High | 37.5 | 38.3 | 37.0 |
| Moderate | 27.4 | 31.0 | 25.5 |
| Low | 35.2 | 30.7 | 37.5 |
| Daily discrimination score at visit 1 | |||
| High | 32.9 | 31.8 | 33.5 |
| Moderate | 34.7 | 37.5 | 33.3 |
| Low | 32.4 | 30.7 | 33.3 |
| Daily discrimination score at visit 3 | |||
| High | 32.7 | 31.5 | 33.3 |
| Moderate | 33.4 | 34.3 | 32.9 |
| Low | 34.0 | 34.2 | 33.8 |
| Social support: score at visit 1 | |||
| Low | 33.3 | 34.3 | 32.8 |
| Moderate | 31.5 | 33.3 | 30.6 |
| High | 35.1 | 32.4 | 36.6 |
| Depression score <16 at visit 1 | 78.4 | 78.5 | 78.4 |
Table values are mean (standard deviation) for continuous variables and percent for categorical variables.