Table 4:

Association between maintaining ideal levels of lifestyle and psychosocial risk factors and maintaining normal blood pressure.

	Risk ratios (95% Confidence intervals)
Maintenance of factors*	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Lifestyle factors
Body mass index
Did not maintain normal levels	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Maintained normal levels	1.43 (1.10–1.86)	1.48 (1.15–1.90)	1.46 (1.13–1.88)
Physical activity
Did not maintain ideal levels	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Maintained ideal levels	1.43 (1.12–1.83)	1.43 (1.11–1.83)	1.45 (1.14–1.85)
Alcohol consumption
Did not maintain ideal levels	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Maintained ideal levels	1.06 (0.85–1.31)	1.01 (0.82–1.25)	1.02 (0.81–1.28)
Smoking
Did not maintain ideal levels	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Maintained ideal levels	1.28 (0.92–1.78)	1.26 (0.90–1.78)	1.23 (0.87–1.73)
Psychosocial factors
Anger in
Did not maintain ideal levels	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Maintained ideal levels	1.15 (0.89–1.50)	1.13 (0.87–1.47)	1.09 (0.82–1.45)
Anger out
Did not maintain ideal levels	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Maintained ideal levels	1.06 (0.78–1.43)	1.03 (0.76–1.40)	1.01 (0.74–1.38)
Daily discrimination
Did not maintain ideal levels	1 (ref)	1 (ref)	1 (ref)
Maintained ideal levels	0.97 (0.75–1.24)	1.01 (0.79–1.29)	1.06 (0.82–1.38)

^*This analysis was limited to lifestyle and psychosocial factors that were assessed at more than 1 study visit.

Model 1 adjusted for age, sex and income less than $25,000 at visit 1.

Model 2 adjusted for variables in model 1 and body mass index, physical activity, diet and alcohol consumption at visit 1.

Model 3 adjusted for variables in model 2 and weekly stress, anger in, anger out, daily discrimination, social support, and depression at visit 1.