TABLE 1.
Demographic characteristics of the participants and the summary of results of touchscreen smartphone interaction in patients with Parkinson's disease and healthy participants
| Demographic Characteristics | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Participants | Healthy Participants, n = 22 | Patients With Parkinson's Disease, n = 18 | P Value |
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Female | 9 (40.9) | 7 (38.9) | n.s. |
| Male | 13 (59.1) | 11 (61.1) | n.s. |
| Nonmobile users, n (%) | 2 (9.1) | 3 (16.7) | n.s. |
| Age (in years), mean ± SD | 72.1 ± 7.7 | 74.0 ± 6.5 | n.s. |
| Number of times smartphone use per day, mean ± SD | 8.5 ± 10.9 | 5.2 ± 7.3 | n.s. |
| Years of disease, mean ± SD | – | 5.3 ± 3.4 | – |
| Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, Part III, mean ± SD | – | 19.8 ± 9.5 | – |
| Research Smartphone Application Performance a | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Task | Outcome | Healthy Participants | Patients With Parkinson's Disease | P Value | |
| Test 1 | Press the circle in a screen that randomly change its position |
Accuracy 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% |
99.09 ± 4.2 21 1 0 0 0 0 |
97.78 ± 6.5 16 2 0 0 0 0 |
n.s. |
| Test 2 | Press the shown number in a virtual keyboard (number dialing) |
Accuracy 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% |
96.36 ± 10.0 19 2 1 0 0 0 |
95.56 ± 10.9 15 2 1 0 0 0 |
n.s. |
| Test 3A | Turn off an alarm by tapping twice on circle | Time to stop an alarm | 1677.82 ± 666.54 | 1657.39 ± 644.56 | n.s. |
| Test 3B | Time between 2 touches | 524.64 ± 405.53 | 573.17 ± 332.97 | n.s. | |
| Test 4 | Turn off an alarm by scrolling a circle along the screen to reach a goal | Time to turn off the alarm | 2297.59 ± 537.87 | 2479.72 ± 768.97 | n.s. |
“n.s.” indicates not significant at P > 0.05.
a
Results are given in mean time in miliseconds ± SD.
Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.