Table 1.

Elements of the frailty short interview.

Element of Fried Phenotype [5]	Frailty Short Interview Question	Adapted From
Weight Loss	“In the last year, before this current illness, have you lost more than 10 lb unintentionally (i.e., not due to dieting or exercise)?” [YES;NO]	[5]
Exhaustion	“In the last month, before this current illness, have you had too little energy to do the things you wanted to do?” [YES;NO]	[23]
Weakness	“Before this current illness, how difficult was it for you to lift or carry something as heavy as 10 lb, such as a full bag of groceries, by yourself, and without using any special equipment?” [NO DIFFICULTY; A LITTLE…; SOME…; A LOT…; UNABLE TO DO]	[24]
Difficulty Walking	“Before this current illness, did you have difficulty walking 100 yards (around the size of a football field) because of a health problem?” [NO DIFFICULTY; A LITTLE…; SOME…; A LOT…; UNABLE TO DO]	[23]
Physical Inactivity	“Before this current illness, how often did you engage in activities that require a low or moderate level of energy such as gardening, cleaning the car, or going for a walk?” [>ONCE PER WEEK; ONCE PER WEEK; 1–3 TIMES PER MONTH; HARDLY EVER/NEVER]	[23]

Responses to the Weakness, Difficulty Walking, and Physical Inactivity questions were recoded as dichotomous variables with at least some difficulty or engaging in physical activity less than once per week indicating positive responses indicative of frailty. The sum of positive responses was divided by the total number of questions (5) to create a frailty short interview score ranging from 0 to 1. Presence of limitations in at least 3 of the 5 content areas (frailty short interview score ≥0.6) was considered to indicate frail status.