Table 1.
General information and clinical characteristics of subjects
| C | HUA | HTN | HTN‐HUA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 797 | n = 93 | n = 2875 | n = 587 | |
| Age (years) | 71.4 ± 6.67a | 73.23 ± 6.77b,c | 72.64 ± 6.31c | 74.11 ± 7.94b |
| Sex (M/F) | 358/439a | 66/27b,c | 1,171/1,704c | 362/225b |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.41 ± 3.31a | 23.98 ± 2.95a | 24.81 ± 3.12b | 25.75 ± 3.86c |
| Smoking (%) | 167 (21.0%)a | 32 (34.4%)b | 525 (18.3%)a | 154 (26.2%)b |
| Drinking (%) | 97 (12.2%)a | 22 (23.7%)b | 427 (14.9%)a | 132 (22.55%)b |
| Physical activity (%) | 628 (91.7%) | 78 (94.0%) | 2,207 (90.2%) | 467 (91.7%) |
| TC (mol/L) | 5.05 ± 0.91a | 4.91 ± 0.94a | 4.97 ± 1.38a | 4.90 ± 1.01b |
| TG (mol/L) | 1.49 ± 0.80a | 1.78 ± 1.08b | 1.62 ± 0.94b | 1.7 ± 1.21b |
| LDL‐C (mol/L) | 3.32 ± 0.81a | 3.28 ± 0.83a | 3.27 ± 0.91a | 3.28 ± 1.24a |
| HDL‐C (mol/L) | 1.53 ± 0.43a | 1.38 ± 0.37b | 1.44 ± 0.38b | 1.28 ± 0.35c |
| FPG (mol/L) | 5.61 ± 1.54a | 5.60 ± 1.45a | 6.08 ± 1.85b | 5.78 ± 1.28a |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 0.60 ± 0.11a | 0.50 ± 011b | 0.59 ± 0.13c | 0.49 ± 0.13b |
| UA (µmol/L) | 297.35 ± 59.92a | 464.25 ± 39.41b | 307.69 ± 60.41c | 475.95 ± 57.51b |
| SBP (mmHg) | 122.21 ± 11.06a | 124.37 ± 10.27a | 147.75 ± 18.55b | 147.58 ± 19.36b |
| DBP (mmHg) | 75.13 ± 8.05a | 74.99 ± 9.95a | 81.92 ± 10.53b | 80.96 ± 11.57b |
| TyG | 8.66 ± 0.54a | 8.82 ± 0.57b | 8.82 ± 0.56b | 8.96 ± 0.57c |
| TyG‐BMI | 203.28 ± 34.08a | 212.11 ± 33.27b | 219.16 ± 35.18b | 230.73 ± 37.87c |
| TG/HDL‐C | 2.66 ± 2.66a | 3.60 ± 3.96b | 2.97 ± 2.54c | 4.07 ± 3.65b |
| METS‐IR | 33.85 ± 6.82a | 35.97 ± 6.86b | 36.83 ± 6.83b | 39.60 ± 7.29c |
| Medical history | ||||
| Diabetes (%) | 150 (11.0%)a | 21 (1.5%)a,b | 1,008 (73.7%)b | 189 (13.8%)b |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 255 (14.9%)a | 36 (2.1%)a,b,c | 1,140 (66.4%)c | 285 (13.3%)b |
| Medication history | ||||
| Antihypertensive (%) | 0a | 0a | 415 (80.4%)b | 101 (19.6%)b |
| Lipid‐lowering drugs (%) | 39 (10.6%)a | 3 (0.8%)a,b | 272 (74.1%)b | 53 (14.4%)b |
| Antidiabetic (%) | 76 (12.0%)a | 13 (2.0%)a,b | 478 (75.3%)b | 68 (10.7%)a |
Summary of the clinical characteristics and laboratory results of the control group ( C group, the participants who had neither hypertension [HTN] nor hyperuricemia [HUA]), HUA group (HUA patients without HTN), HTN group (HTN patients without HUA) and HTN‐HUA group (patients with HUA and HTN). Data presented as the mean ± standard deviation, or percentages number (%). For the multiple comparisons, Bonferroni adjustment and least significance difference test were used following the χ2‐test and one‐way anova. The same superscript letters indicate no significant difference between any two groups. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as bodyweight in kilograms divided by the square of the body height in meters. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by using the Modified Diet in Renal Disease equation, where eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) = 186 × Scr (mg/dL) – 1.154 × age (years) − 0.203 × 0.742 (if female) × 1.233 (if Chinese). DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol level; METS‐IR, metabolic score for insulin resistance; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol levels; TG, triglyceride levels; TG/HDL‐C, the ratio of triglycerides divided by high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; TyG, triglyceride and glucose index; TyG‐BMI, triglyceride and glucose index with body mass index.