TABLE 1.
Clinical and demographic parameters of the study populations
| Characteristica | Survivors | Nonsurvivors | P valueb |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. of participants | 57 | 18 | |
| Gender (%) | 0.1169 | ||
| Male | 17 (30.4) | 9 (50) | |
| Female | 40 (69.4) | 9 (50) | |
| Age in yrs (median [IQR]) | 62 (52–73.5) | 76.5 (68.5–82) | 0.0013 |
| BMI, median (median [IQR])c | 26.3 (24.4–29.5) | 29.6 (27–32.2) | 0.1697 |
| SpO2, median (median [IQR])c | 97 (94.25–98) | 95 (89.25–98) | 0.0768 |
| pH, median (median [IQR])c | 7.48 (7.45–7.5) | 7.49 (7.45–7.53) | 0.6672 |
| Lactate, median (median [IQR])c | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 1.5 (1.1–1.8) | <0.0001 |
| Comorbidities (%) | 38 (66.7) | 17 (94) | 0.0297 |
| Hypertension | 26 (46.4) | 9 (50) | 0.7913 |
| Diabetes | 9 (16) | 3 (16.7) | NS |
| Lung disease | 4 (7.1) | 1 (5.6) | NS |
| COPDd | 4 (7.1) | 2 (11.1) | 0.6257 |
| Obesity | 8 (14.3) | 6 (33) | 0.0867 |
| Renal disease | 4 (7.1) | 3 (16.7) | 0.3481 |
| Liver disease | 1 (1.8) | 1 (5.6) | 0.4249 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 7 (12.5) | 7 (38.9) | 0.0320 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 2 (3.6) | 0 | NS |
| Otherse | 14 (24.6) | 11 (61.1) | |
| No. of comorbidities listed above (%) | 0.0047 | ||
| None | 19 (33.4) | 1 (5.6) | |
| One | 16 (28) | 3 (16.7) | |
| Two | 9 (15.8) | 6 (33) | |
| Three or more | 13 (22.8) | 8 (44.4) | |
| Disease severityf (%) | 0.0218 | ||
| Moderate | 42 (73.7) | 8 (44.4) | |
| Severe | 15 (26.3) | 10 (55.6) |
a
IQR, interquartile range.
b
NS, not significant.
c
Calculated from the available data.
d
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
e
Gastrointestinal reflux, dyslipidemia, neoplasia, and dementia.
f
Based on the masks.