Table 2.
Regression Results, Marginal Effects
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ME | Std Err. | ME | Std Err. | ME | Std Err. | ME | Std Err. | |||||
| Capacity | ||||||||||||
| ln(# service connections), 2005 | 0.027 | *** | 0.007 | 0.024 | *** | 0.007 | 0.031 | *** | 0.007 | 0.027 | *** | 0.007 |
| % Unmetered service connections | -0.546 | *** | 0.069 | -0.509 | *** | 0.070 | -0.577 | *** | 0.070 | -0.514 | *** | 0.070 |
| ln(Median household income) | 0.223 | *** | 0.029 | 0.196 | *** | 0.031 | ||||||
| Motivation | ||||||||||||
| Governance: Special district | 0.050 | ** | 0.020 | 0.051 | *** | 0.020 | 0.059 | *** | 0.020 | 0.060 | *** | 0.020 |
| Governance: Private owner | 0.011 | 0.026 | 0.008 | 0.027 | -0.002 | 0.027 | -0.003 | 0.027 | ||||
| South-of-Delta water importer | 0.064 | *** | 0.020 | 0.043 | ** | 0.020 | ||||||
| # Customer complaints per connection | 3.387 | *** | 0.929 | 3.192 | *** | 0.926 | 3.477 | *** | 0.949 | 3.159 | *** | 0.940 |
| % Neighbors with PCWRa | 0.204 | *** | 0.077 | 0.326 | *** | 0.075 | ||||||
| External | ||||||||||||
| Avg. annual max. temperature, °C | 0.0003 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.002 | -0.002 | 0.002 | 0.000 | 0.002 | ||||
| Year fixed effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||||||
| Log likelihood | -1,477 | -1,473 | -1,500 | -1,490 | ||||||||
| LR χ2 | 338 | 345 | 293 | 311 | ||||||||
| Prob> χ2 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||||||
| McFadden's R2 | 0.103 | 0.105 | 0.089 | 0.095 | ||||||||
| N | 2,584 | 2,584 | 2,584 | 2,584 | ||||||||
| # Community Water Systems | 323 | 323 | 323 | 323 |
Delta method standard errors are reported for marginal effects
The dependent variable in all models is an indicator for having a PCWR; the unit of analysis is the utility-year
Delta method standard errors are reported
** Statistically significant at the 5% level; *** Statistically significant at the 1% level
aRepresents % Neighbors with PCWR in each of the eight hydrologic regions in a given year