Table 4.
Cardiac function and morphologic parameters from echocardiographic measurements.
| E19 | E20 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Sham | IUGR | Control | Sham | IUGR | |
| Peak velocities (mm/s) | ||||||
| VUA | 143.1 ± 47.4 | 163.0 ± 42.9 | 155.8 ± 44.1 | 203.2 ± 54.7 | 161.0 ± 64.9a | 169.6 ± 65.1a |
| VAO | 256.3 ± 68.4 | 249.1 ± 80.3 | 284.5 ± 88.9a,b | 340.4 ± 88.2 | 321.3 ± 101.2 | 335.1 ± 97.7 |
| VPA | 299.8 ± 91.4 | 317.8 ± 110.9 | 316.1 ± 157.2 | 412.5 ± 170.4 | 362.6 ± 111.9 | 351.7 ± 128.3a |
| Heart rate (b.p.m.) | ||||||
| 188.4 ± 19.5 | 187.8 ± 14.9 | 197.0 ± 75.7 | 221.6 ± 53.1 | 224.3 ± 23.0 | 224.8 ± 70.9 | |
| Time intervals (ms) | ||||||
| IVCT | 37.4 ± 13.6 | 39.6 ± 10.8 | 38.7 ± 17.6 | 40.3 ± 11.8 | 39.2 ± 12.0 | 30.2 ± 11.4a,b |
| IVRT | 63.4 ± 11.2 | 63.7 ± 14.6 | 62.3 ± 18.6 | 53.8 ± 12.3 | 51.5 ± 8.6 | 48.3 ± 11.0a,b |
| ET | 129.0 ± 11.5 | 124.7 ± 13.8 | 138.3 ± 20.8a,b | 120.7 ± 14.0 | 119.5 ± 15.5 | 123.5 ± 12.7 |
| Lengths (mm) | ||||||
| LV-WT | 0.571 ± 0.063 | 0.487 ± 0.109 | 0.427 ± 0.067a | 0.596 ± 0.109 | 0.527 ± 0.068 | 0.374 ± 0.096a,b |
| LV-EDD | 1.20 ± 0.16 | 1.11 ± 0.15 | 1.23 ± 0.20 | 1.42 ± 0.17 | 1.37 ± 0.21 | 1.56 ± 0.22b |
| Ratios | ||||||
| MV E/A | 0.351 ± 0.079 | 0.345 ± 0.078 | 0.599 ± 0.236a,b | 0.362 ± 0.084 | 0.387 ± 0.104 | 0.577 ± 0.174a,b |
| TV E/A | 0.332 ± 0.109 | 0.355 ± 0.074 | 0.629 ± 0.367a,b | 0.345 ± 0.093 | 0.364 ± 0.107 | 0.593 ± 0.253a,b |
| LMPI | 0.782 ± 0.160 | 0.833 ± 0.146 | 0.715 ± 0.235a,b | 0.791 ± 0.195 | 0.762 ± 0.124 | 0.642 ± 0.164a,b |
| LV-RWT | 0.873 ± 0.182 | 0.875 ± 0.127 | 0.715 ± 0.171a,b | 0.779 ± 0.167 | 0.745 ± 0.168 | 0.503 ± 0.202a,b |
| RVFS | 0.291 ± 0.037 | 0.258 ± 0.036 | 0.182 ± 0.052a,b | 0.267 ± 0.112 | 0.211 ± 0.053 | 0.097 ± 0.025a,b |
| LVFS | 0.326 ± 0.077 | 0.290 ± 0.050 | 0.200 ± 0.052a,b | 0.251 ± 0.034 | 0.287 ± 0.063 | 0.135 ± 0.058a,b |
LMPI = (IVRT + IVCT)/ET; RWT = 2 × WT/EDD; FS = (EDL − ESL)/EDL.
UA umbilical artery, AO aorta, PA pulmonary artery, MV mitral valve, TV tricuspid valve, HR heart rate, IVCT isovolumetric contraction time, IVRT isovolumetric relaxation time, ET ejection time, LMPI left myocardial performance index, RWT relative wall thickness, FS fractional shortening, WT wall thickness, EDD end-diastolic inner diameter, EDL end-diastolic length, ESL end-systolic length.
aP < 0.05, compared to Control.
bP < 0.05, compared to Sham.