Table 2.
Risk biomarkers in relation to age in FLEMENGHO participants examined from 2005 to 2010
|
Chronological age |
UPP-age |
UPP-age-R |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| r | p value | r | p value | r | p value | |
| Vascular biomarkers | ||||||
| Systolic blood pressure | 0·52 | <0·0001 | 0·49 | <0·0001 | 0·10 | 0·0042 |
| Diastolic blood pressure | 0·17 | <0·0001 | 0·19 | <0·0001 | 0·07 | 0·037 |
| VEGF | 0·14 | <0·0001 | 0·18 | <0·0001 | 0·10 | 0·0048 |
| PAI1 | 0·10 | 0·0041 | 0·14 | <0·0001 | 0·10 | 0·0042 |
| Renal biomarkers | ||||||
| eGFR | −0·71 | <0·0001 | −0·65 | <0·0001 | −0·09 | 0·011 |
| NGAL | 0·19 | <0·0001 | 0·22 | <0·0001 | 0·11 | 0·0015 |
| Insulin resistance | ||||||
| Plasma glucose | 0·30 | <0·0001 | 0·28 | <0·0001 | 0·05 | 0·17 |
| Serum insulin | −0·01 | 0·77 | 0·03 | 0·33 | 0·08 | 0·022 |
| HOMA-IR | 0·05 | 0·16 | 0·08 | 0·018 | 0·08 | 0·028 |
| Lipid biomarkers | ||||||
| Body-mass index | 0·27 | <0·0001 | 0·29 | <0·0001 | 0·11 | 0·0013 |
| Waist circumference | 0·33 | <0·0001 | 0·34 | <0·0001 | 0·11 | 0·0029 |
| Body fat | 0·36 | <0·0001 | 0·34 | <0·0001 | 0·08 | 0·22 |
| Leptin | 0·09 | 0·0081 | 0·14 | <0·0001 | 0·12 | 0·00067 |
| Resistin | 0·08 | 0·031 | 0·11 | 0·0028 | 0·08 | 0·029 |
| Inflammation biomarkers | ||||||
| C-reactive protein | 0·12 | 0·0011 | 0·14 | <0·0001 | 0·08 | 0·029 |
| TNFα | 0·28 | <0·0001 | 0·31 | <0·0001 | 0·12 | 0·00049 |
| TNFR1 | 0·36 | <0·0001 | 0·36 | <0·0001 | 0·11 | 0·0016 |
| Other markers | ||||||
| Daily tobacco use in smokers | −0·07 | 0·052 | −0·054 | 0·13 | 0·01 | 0·78 |
| Follicle-stimulating hormone in women (n=395) | 0·64 | <0·0001 | 0·55 | <0·0001 | 0·06 | 0·26 |
| Framingham risk score | 0·88 | <0·0001 | 0·76 | <0·0001 | 0·03 | 0·39 |
| dpucMGP | 0·42 | <0·0001 | 0·42 | <0·0001 | 0·11 | 0·0027 |
The distributions of VEGF, PAI1, NGAL, HOMA-IR, body fat, leptin, resistin, C-reactive protein, TNFα, TNFR1, daily use of tobacco, follicle-stimulating hormone, Framingham risk score, and dpucMGP were rank normalised. r is the Pearson correlation coefficient. dpucMGP=desphospho-uncarboxylated matrix Gla protein. eGFR=glomerular filtration rate derived from serum creatinine. FLEMENGHO=Flemish Study on Environment, Genes, and Health Outcomes. HOMA-IR=Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance. UPP=urinary peptidomic profile. UPP-age=age as predicted by the UPP. UPP-age-R=residual of the regression of UPP-age on chronological age and reflects accelerated ageing as predicted by the UPP-age, independent of chronological age.