Table 3.
Risk of adverse health outcomes in relation to age in FLEMENGHO participants
| n/N (%) |
Chronological age |
UPP-age |
UPP-age-R |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | |||
| Mortality | ||||||||
| Total | 71/778 (9%) | 3·62 (2·87–4·57) | <0·0001 | 2·23 (1·97–2·52) | <0·0001 | 1·54 (1·22–1·95) | 0·00032 | |
| Cardiovascular | 24/778 (3%) | 7·27 (4·32–12·23) | <0·0001 | 2·58 (2·10–3·16) | <0·0001 | 1·72 (1·20–2·47) | 0·0033 | |
| Non-cardiovascular | 43/778 (6%) | 2·71 (2·08–3·53) | <0·0001 | 2·00 (1·69–2·37) | <0·0001 | 1·35 (0·96–1·91) | 0·083 | |
| Fatal and non-fatal cancer | 71/778 (9%) | 2·00 (1·67–2·39) | <0·0001 | 1·70 (1·47–1·96) | <0·0001 | 1·10 (0·82–1·49) | 0·53 | |
| Musculoskeletal disorders | ||||||||
| Osteoarticular complications | 162/778 (21%) | 1·03 (0·93–1·14) | 0·53 | 1·07 (0·96–1·19) | 0·24 | 1·13 (0·92–1·37) | 0·24 | |
| Osteoporosis and fractures | ||||||||
| All | 68/778 (9%) | 1·24 (1·06–1·46) | 0·0083 | 1·34 (1·14–1·57) | 0·00046 | 1·40 (1·06–1·85) | 0·018 | |
| Women | 48/395 (12%) | 1·55 (1·26–1·91) | <0·0001 | 1·53 (1·28–1·83) | <0·0001 | 1·43 (1·28–1·97) | 0·029 | |
| Men | 20/383 (5%) | 0·82 (0·62–1·08) | 0·19 | 0·86 (0·62–1·19) | 0·36 | 1·20 (0·68–2·11) | 0·54 | |
HRs, given with 95% CI, express the relative risk per 10 year increment in chronological age, UPP-age, and UPP-age-R. Cause of death was not documented in four participants. FLEMENGHO=Flemish Study on Environment, Genes, and Health Outcomes. HR=hazard ratio. n=incident endpoints N=participants at risk. UPP=urinary peptidomic profile. UPP-age=age as predicted by the UPP. UPP-age-R=residual of the regression of UPP-age on chronological age and reflects accelerated ageing as predicted by the UPP-age, independent of chronological age.