Table A2.

Covariate analysis.

Scale		Sociodemographic variables
		Gender	Age	Migration status	HE Generation
Depression	Pearson's r	0.074	0.101	0.081	0.045
	p-value	<0.001***	<0.001***	<0.001***	0.027*
Aca stress	Pearson's r	0.009	−0.012	0.007	0.068
	p-value	0.664	0.550	0.721	0.001***
Resilience	Pearson's r	−0.159	−0.041	0.015	−0.041
	p-value	<0.001***	0.042*	0.466	0.043*
HE Support	Pearson's r	0.037	−0.073	−0.046	−0.036
	p-value	0.067	<0.001***	0.023*	0.072

A significant independent direct effect on depression was taken as reason to include the sociodemographic variable as a covariate in the final analysis (N = 2,480).

^*significant at p < 0.05;

^***significant at p < 0.001.