Table 3.

The performance evaluation of the datasets and subgroups

Dataset	No. of studies	Sensitivity	Specificity	PLR	NLR	DOR
Testing set	3	0.76 (0.64–0.86)#	0.82 (0.72–0.89)##	3.90 (2.49–6.11)##	0.29 (0.19–0.46)#	12.88 (5.99–27.71)##
Validation set	12	0.79 (0.74–0.84)#	0.77 (0.73–0.81)#	3.47 (2.91–4.14)#	0.27 (0.22–0.33)#	12.92 (9.34–17.87)#
Overall validation group
Magnetic field strength (T)
1.5 T	7	0.81 (0.75–0.87)#	0.76 (0.71–0.81)#	3.38 (2.70–4.24)#	0.25 (0.18–0.34)#	13.15 (8.37–20.66)#
3.0 T	5	0.86 (0.78–0.89)**	0.76 (0.70–0.82)#	3.46 (2.69–4.46)#	0.23 (0.11–0.48)**	17.78 (10.54–30.00)##
Sequence
T2-FS	3	0.67 (0.54–0.79)#	0.80 (0.71–0.88)#	3.43 (2.22–5.29)##	0.41 (0.28–0.59)#	8.01 (4.01–16.00)##
T1CE	8	0.80 (0.75–0.84)##	0.80 (0.75–0.84)#	4.04 (3.25–5.02)#	0.25 (0.19–0.31)##	16.27 (11.08–23.89)#
DWI	2	0.76 (0.60–0.89)#	0.75 (0.63–0.85)#	3.10 (1.96–4.91)#	0.31 (0.17–0.56)#	10.00 (3.97–25.17)#
Algorithm
SVM	5	0.77 (0.71–0.82)**	0.79 (0.73–0.83)##	3.67 (2.87–4.70)#	0.30 (0.19–0.47)*	13.43 (8.62–20.93)##
LR	4	0.70 (0.58–0.81)#	0.78 (0.68–0.85)#	3.20 (2.17–4.71)#	0.37 (0.26–0.55)#	8.60 (4.44–16.66)#
LDA	3	0.83 (0.77–0.88)#	0.75 (0.68–0.81)#	3.35 (2.58–4.35)##	0.22 (0.16–0.31)#	14.78 (9.01–24.26)#
Segmentation
2D	4	0.77 (0.70–0.83)##	0.76 (0.70–0.82)#	3.30 (2.55–4.28)#	0.29 (0.21–0.39)#	11.46 (7.05–18.62)#
3D	9	0.80 (0.75–0.84)##	0.78 (0.73–0.82)#	3.56 (2.88–4.39)#	0.26 (0.21–0.34)##	13.52 (9.27–19.72)#

PLR, positive likelihood ratio; NLR, negative likelihood ratio; DOR, diagnostic odds ratio; SVM, support vector machine; LR, linear regression; LDA, linear discriminant analysis; T2-FS, fat-suppressed T2; T1CE, contrast-enhanced T1; #, 0–25% of I2 values; ##, 25–50%; *, 50–75%; **, > 75%; # and ##, fixed-effects model; * and **, random-effects model