Table 2.
Phenolic composition (µg/g of mandarin peel) of mandarin peel crude and SPE extracts with their theoretical partition coefficients (Log10P).
| Peak no |
Compounds | Log10P b) | Water Extract |
Ethanol Extract |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude Extracts | Washing Fractions | Elution Fractions | Recovery (%)a) | Crude Extracts | Washing Fractions | Elution Fractions | Recovery (%) | |||
| 7 | p-coumaric acid | 1.43 | 34.00 ± 0.01*** | – | 40.30 ± 11.03 ns | 118.53 | 40.77 ± 0.09 | – | 36.26 ± 0.00 | 88.94 |
| 8 | Eriocitrin | −0.86 | 87.24 ± 0.45*** | – | 82.76 ± 2.01** | 107.15 | 82.60 ± 0.10 | – | 64.78 ± 3.34 | 78.43 |
| 9 | Rutin | −1.06 | 221.90 ± 1.28 ns | – | 211.54 ± 8.38* | 95.33 | 214.50 ± 9.28 | – | 171.06 ± 4.46 | 79.75 |
| 12 | Ferulic acid | 1.25 | 67.05 ± 2.23 ns | – | 55.02 ± 4.78 ns | 82.06 | 65.47 ± 4.56 | – | 60.34 ± 5.57 | 92.16 |
| 13 | Taxifolin | 0.71 | 139.17 ± 6.67 ns | – | 115.66 ± 1.17 ns | 83.11 | 134.36 ± 3.71 | – | 108.93 ± 6.03 | 81.07 |
| 14 | Narirutin | −0.37 | 2155.57 ± 74.03 ns | 6.76 ± 0.71*** | 1962.55 ± 30.90 ns | 91.05 | 2044.46 ± 55.48 | 22.45 ± 1.28 | 1794.81 ± 68.02 | 87.79 |
| 19 | Hesperidin | −0.55 | 1643.60 ± 66.11* | 38.27 ± 1.18*** | 1304.77 ± 9.46 ns | 79.38 | 1346.44 ± 67.78 | 100.12 ± 2.29 | 1231.19 ± 32.72 | 91.44 |
| 22 | Didymin | 0.17 | 52.51 ± 4.40 ns | – | 52.63 ± 2.15 ns | 100.23 | 51.95 ± 44.42 | – | 57.51 ± 4.53 | 110.70 |
| 24 | Eriodictyol | 1.63 | 31.24 ± 0.79 ns | – | 30.25 ± 1.44 ns | 96.83 | 31.10 ± 4.11 | – | 26.72 ± 3.16 | 85.92 |
| 32 | Sinensetin | 3.19 | 82.58 ± 3.38** | – | 76.90 ± 1.18*** | 93.12 | 113.82 ± 4.73 | – | 105.30 ± 1.95 | 92.51 |
| 33 | Nobiletin | 3.37 | 121.09 ± 0.07*** | – | 121.07 ± 0.11*** | 99.98 | 218.02 ± 7.29 | – | 203.81 ± 4.76 | 93.48 |
| 34 | Tangeretin | 3.78 | 40.06 ± 1.93*** | – | 37.66 ± 0.53*** | 94.01 | 74.83 ± 3.01 | – | 70.90 ± 2.12 | 94.75 |
| Total | 4676.02 | 45.03 | 4091.11 | 4418.32 | 122.57 | 3931.62 | ||||
(-) represents the component was not detected in extracts.
Data are presented as means ± SD of triplicate samples. * represents significant differences comparing ethanol extracts to water extracts. ***, p ≤ 0.0001; **, p ≤ 0.001; *, p ≤ 0.05; ns, p > 0.05.
Recovery (%), the percentage of EF recovered from crude extracts.
Theoretical partition coefficients (Log10P), Theoretical log10P theoretical values were obtained via online logP calculator ‘molinspiration’, on Web site: https://molinspiration.com/services/logp.html (accessed in May 2021). The Canonical SMILES used in logP calculation was obtain from ‘PubChem’, on Web site: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ (accessed in May 2021).