Table 5. Parameters and Equations Used in the SeDeM Methoda.
| incidence | parameter (symbol) | unit | equation | limit value | convert to radius value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dimension | bulk density (Da) | g/mL | Da = P/Va | 0–1 | 10ν |
| tapped density (Dc) | g/mL | Dc = P/Vc | 0–1 | 10ν | |
| compressibility | interparticle porosity (Ie) | - | Ie = (Dc – Da)/(Dc × Da) | 0–1.2 | 10ν/1.2 |
| Carr index (IC) | % | IC = (DC – Da)/Dc × 100 | 0–50 | ν/5 | |
| cohesion index (Icd) | N | experimental | 0–200 | ν/20 | |
| powder flow | Hausner ratio (IH) | - | IH = Dc/Da | 3–1 | (30 – 10ν)/2 |
| angle of repose (α) | ° | experimental | 50–0 | 10 – (ν/5) | |
| flowability (t″) | s | experimental | 20–0 | 10 – (ν/2) | |
| stability | loss on drying (% HR) | % | experimental | 10–0 | 10 – ν |
| hygroscopicity (% H) | % | experimental | 20–0 | 10 – (ν/2) | |
| lubricity | particles < 50 μm (% Pf) | % | experimental | 50–0 | 10 – (ν/5) |
| homogeneity index (Iθ) | - | eq 13 | 0–0.02 | 500ν |
P, the weight of
the powder to be measured; Va, the bulk volume of the powder; Vc,
the tapped volume of the powder; N, the hardness
of tablets; and ν, experimental values of parameters. 
where Fm is the percentage of particles in the majority range, Fm–1 is the percentage of particles in the range
immediately below the majority range, Fm+1 is the percentage of particles in the range immediately above the
majority range, n is the fraction under study, the
order number within a series, with respect to the median fraction, dm is the mean diameter of the particles in the
majority fraction, dm–1 is the
mean diameter of the particles in the fraction of the range immediately
below the majority range, and dm+1 is
the mean diameter of the particles in the fraction of the range immediately
above the majority range.