Table 1.
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of older patients with atrial fibrillation, in relation to presence of cognitive impairment (CI) and frailty, SAGE-AF 2016-2018
| No impairment |
Frailty only | CI only | Frailty and CI |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N=652 (52.4%) |
N=64 (5.1) | N=420 (33.8) |
N=108 (8.7) | ||
| Sociodemographic | |||||
| Age, mean years (SD) | 73.8 (6.3) | 75.8 (7.1) | 77.5 (7.4) | 78.2 (7.6) | <.0001 |
| Female | 311 (47.7) | 44 (68.8) | 185 (44.0) | 67 (62.0) | <.0001 |
| Non-Hispanic white | 616 (94.5) | 61 (95.3) | 324 (77.1) | 68 (63.0) | <.0001 |
| Education a | |||||
| College Graduate | 350 (54.0) | 23 (36.5) | 135 (33.3) | 19 (18.5) | <.0001 |
| Marital Statusb, married | 401 (62.0) | 29 (45.3) | 217 (53.2) | 47 (44.8) | 0.0003 |
| Living Situationc, alone | 177 (27.4) | 21 (32.8) | 117 (28.6) | 35 (33.3) | 0.53 |
| Clinical | |||||
| Type of AF | |||||
| Paroxysmal | 388 (59.5) | 40 (62.5) | 255 (60.7) | 58 (53.7) | 0.66 |
| Persistent | 158 (24.2) | 13 (20.3) | 104 (24.8) | 34 (31.5) | |
| Permanent | 36 (5.5) | 3 (4.7) | 28 (6.7) | 6 (5.6) | |
| CHA2DS2VASC, mean (SD) | 4.01 (1.50) | 5.31 (1.68) | 4.65 (1.59) | 5.57 (1.49) | <.0001 |
| HAS-BLED, mean (SD) | 3.08 (1.02) | 3.38 (0.92) | 3.34 (1.12) | 3.73 (1.12) | <.0001 |
| MoCA, mean (SD) | 26.33 (1.70) | 26.20 (1.72) | 20.02 (3.02) | 18.96 (4.26) | <.0001 |
| Medical History | |||||
| AMI | 109 (16.7) | 28 (43.8) | 78 (18.6) | 27 (25.0) | <.0001 |
| Diabetes type II | 145 (22.4) | 26 (40.6) | 122 (29.1) | 53 (49.1) | <.0001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 521 (79.9) | 54 (84.4) | 336 (80.0) | 85 (78.7) | 0.82 |
| Stroke | 49 (7.5) | 8 (12.5) | 44 (10.5) | 21 (19.4) | 0.0011 |
| Asthma/COPD | 146 (22.4) | 24 (37.5) | 106 (25.2) | 40 (37.0) | 0.0013 |
| Smoking Status | |||||
| Former smoker | 325 (49.9) | 32 (50.0) | 205 (48.8) | 53 (49.1) | 0.99 |
| Current smoker | 19 (2.9) | 1 (1.6) | 12 (2.9) | 3 (2.8) | |
| Other geriatric impairment | |||||
| Vision impairment | 188 (28.8) | 31 (48.4) | 154 (36.7) | 55 (50.9) | <.0001 |
| Hearing impairment | 209 (32.1) | 17 (26.6) | 179 (42.6) | 46 (42.6) | 0.0007 |
| Social Isolation | 67 (10.3) | 9 (14.1) | 66 (15.7) | 14 (13.0) | 0.07 |
| Depression | 132 (20.3) | 45 (70.3) | 108 (25.7) | 68 (63.0) | <.0001 |
| Anxiety | 126 (19.3) | 24 (37.5) | 92 (21.9) | 49 (45.4) | <.0001 |
| Fall in the past 6 months | 119 (18.2) | 25 (39.1) | 94 (22.4) | 32 (29.6) | 0.0002 |
Note.
a
N=1220
b
N=1224
c
N=1225
SD: Standard Deviation.