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. 2021 Oct 26;13(10):1417–1445. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i10.1417

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©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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Historical overview of the hallmarks of cancer. Hallmarks of cancer proposed by Hanahan and Weinberg[1,2] in 2000 and 2011 are presented in yellow and blue colors, respectively. Additional hallmarks of cancer proposed by Senga and Grose[3] in 2021 are presented in pink.