Table 1.

Potential controlling variables included in the analysis

Variable	Categories/unit
Gender	Male, female
Highest academic qualifications	Below degree level and Degree level or above
Family history of diabetes	No family history of diabetes and Family history of diabetes
Employment status	Not employed and Employed
Presence of long-term conditions (LTCs) associated with both mental health (ie. tiredness/fatigue, insomnia, anxiety/nervousness, depression, memory problems) or physical health (diabetes, breathing problems, hypertension, heart disease, osteoarthritis, stroke, cancer)	Less than 3 mental health/physical health conditions reported and 3 or more mental health/physical health conditions reported
Smoking status	Never smoked/ ex-smoker, and Daily/occasional smoker
Age	Years
Index of multiple deprivation (IMD) score	Score
Time spent in physical exercise (including, for example, swimming, cycling, gym workout, playing football) in week preceding data collection	Hours
Time spent walking in week preceding data collection	Hours
Number of visits to a healthcare professional (including, for example, GP, nurse, physiotherapist, psychologist, social worker etc.) in previous 3 months	Count
Time off work due to sickness in previous 3 months	Days
Visits to hospital as outpatient in previous 3 months	Count
Visits to hospital as day case in previous 3 months	Count
Nights spent in hospital as inpatient in previous 3 months	Count