Table 1.
Sample characteristics – crosstabulations of socio-demographic, personal, familial, and peer variables in 2015 and 2019 Irish ESPAD Survey Data
| ESPAD Year (2015 and 2019) and significance levela | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 (n = 1472) n (%) |
2019 (n = 1949) n (%) |
p-value | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 752 (51.1) | 946 (48.5) | |
| Female | 720 (48.9) | 1003 (51.5) | .140 |
| E-cigarette ever-use | |||
| Yes | 325 (23.0) | 754 (39.0) | |
| No | 1088 (77.0) | 1219 (62.7) | <.001 |
| E-cigarette current-use | |||
| Yes | 143 (10.1) | 351 (18.1) | |
| No | 1270 (89.9) | 1592 (81.9) | <.001 |
| Ever-smoked | |||
| Yes | 473 (32.3) | 614 (31.6) | |
| No | 992 (67.7) | 1328 (68.4) | .678 |
| Current smoking | |||
| Yes | 191 (13.0) | 281 (14.4) | |
| No | 1275 (87.0) | 1664 (85.6) | .235 |
| Household composition | |||
| Single parent | 262 (17.8) | 371 (19.0) | |
| Two parents | 1109 (75.3) | 1490 (76.4) | |
| Blended families | 101 (6.9) | 88 (4.5) | .010 |
| Parental Monitoringb | |||
| Know always | 906 (62.7) | 1194 (63.2) | |
| Know quite often | 337 (23.3) | 455 (24.1) | |
| Know sometimes | 128 (8.9) | 166 (8.8) | |
| Usually don’t know | 73 (5.1) | 74 (3.9) | .452 |
| Skipping School | |||
| None | 984 (80.1) | 1309 (79.6) | |
| 1–4 days | 198 (16.1) | 286 (17.4) | |
| 5 days+ | 47 (3.8) | 50 (3.0) | .371 |
| Perceived family wealth | |||
| About the same | 696 (48.7) | 815 (43.3) | |
| Much better off | 223 (15.6) | 308 (16.4) | |
| Better off | 370 (25.9) | 580 (30.8) | |
| Less well off | 141 (9.9) | 179 (9.5) | .006 |
| Peers who smoke | |||
| None | 478 (33.4) | 558 (29.8) | |
| A few/some | 802 (56.1) | 1125 (60.1) | |
| Most/all | 150 (10.5) | 188 (10.1) | .056 |
| Relationship with mother | |||
| Satisfied | 1251 (87.5) | 1621 (86.4) | |
| Neither nor | 74 (5.2) | 106 (5.6) | |
| Not satisfied | 105 (7.3) | 150 (8.0) | .640 |
| Reasons for trying e-cigarettes | |||
| To quit smoking | 51 (17.3) | 16 (3.4) | <.001 |
| Because friends were using it | 63 (21.4) | 137 (28.8) | <.001 |
| Out of curiosity | 186 (63.1) | 315 (66.3) | <.001 |
| Relationship with tobacco when first tried e-cigarette | |||
| Never smoked tobacco | 101 (33.3) | 461 (66.7) | |
| Smoked tobacco occasionally | 155 (51.8) | 168 (24.3) | |
| Smoked tobacco regularly | 45 (14.9) | 62 (9.0) | <.001 |
aBold numbers indicate statistical significance at <0 .05
bParents know where child is on Saturday nights