Table 3.
Socio-demographic, personal, peer and familial variables associated with e-cigarette current-use in the 2015 & 2019 ESPAD Surveys: multivariable logistic regression
| E-cigarette current-use Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) (total sample and by gender) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Total (AOR, 95% CI) | Boys (AOR, 95% CI) | Girls (AOR, 95% CI) | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 1 | ||
| Female | 1.03 (0.81,1.30) | N/A | N/A |
| ESPAD Year | |||
| 2015 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2019 | 2.41 (1.85, 3.12) | 1.96 (1.37, 2.82) | 3.11 (2.10, 4.61) |
| Ever smoked | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.14 (0.84, 1.55) | 1.19 (0.77, 1.82) | 1.13 (0.72, 1.76) |
| Current smoking | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.78 (1.23, 2.55) | 2.13 (1.30, 3.51) | 1.50 (0.87, 2.59) |
| Household composition | |||
| Single parent | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Two parents | 0.94 (0.68, 1.29) | 1.16 (0.72, 1.84) | 0.75 (0.48, 1.62) |
| Blended families | 1.46 (0.89, 2.44) | 1.53 (0.72, 3.24) | 1.37 (0.68, 2.76) |
| Parental Monitoring | |||
| Know always | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Know quite often | 2.22 (1.69, 2.92) | 2.62 (1.76, 3.90) | 1.90 (1.29, 2.81) |
| Know sometimes | 3.53 (2.49, 5.01) | 4.06 (2.49, 6.63) | 3.09 (1.85, 5.15) |
| Usually don’t know | 4.48 (2.83, 7.11) | 5.50 (2.85, 10.61) | 3.50 (1.79, 6.84) |
| Skipping School | |||
| None | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 1–4 days | 0.86 (0.63, 1.18) | 0.68 (0.42, 1.10) | 1.03 (0.68, 1.58) |
| 5 days+ | 1.42 (0.81, 2.51) | 1.08 (0.49, 2.37) | 1.70 (0.74, 3.90) |
| Perceived wealth | |||
| About the same | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Much better off | 1.14 (0.82, 1.59) | 1.04 (0.65, 1.67) | 1.20 (0.75, 1.93) |
| Better off | 0.77 (0.57, 1.03) | 0.81 (0.53, 1.22) | 0.73 (0.48, 1.11) |
| Less well off | 1.28 (0.87, 1.88) | 1.26 (0.72, 2.20) | 1.35 (0.79, 2.33) |
| Peers who smoke | |||
| None | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| A few/some | 2.13 (1.54, 2.96) | 2.23 (1.39, 3.59) | 2.11 (1.34, 3.33) |
| Most/all | 5.45 (3.65, 8.14) | 5.90 (3.31, 10.52) | 5.31 (3.01, 9.37) |
| Relationship with mother | |||
| Satisfied | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Neither nor | 1.23 (0.77, 1.97) | 1.37 (0.68, 2.79) | 1.25 (0.66, 2.37) |
| Not satisfied | 1.55 (1.06, 2.26) | 1.40 (0.79, 2.49) | 1.64 (0.98, 2.74) |
Bold numbers indicate statistical significance at < .05