Table 4:
Physical Features Compared with Age of Growth Hormone (GH) Treatment Initiation
| Age of initiation of GH (years) | 0 – 1 N= 121 | 1 – 4 N=84 | 4 – 12 N=52 | 12 – 21 N=19 | 21 – 70 N=13 | Chi-Square p-value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | ||
| HEAD AND FACE: | |||||||||||
| Prominent occiput | 15 | 13.9 | 12 | 15.8 | 5 | 10.2 | 2 | 11.8 | 2 | 15.4 | 0.928 | 
| Flat occiput | 34 | 31.5 | 19 | 25.0 | 15 | 30.6 | 2 | 11.8 | 3 | 23.1 | 0.471 | 
| Round face | 25 | 23.1 | 23 | 30.3 | 18 | 36.7 | 5 | 29.4 | 1 | 7.7 | 0.198 | 
| Narrow nose | 22 | 20.4 | 22 | 28.9 | 22 | 44.9 | 7 | 41.2 | 6 | 46.2 | 0.013 | 
| Bitemporal narrowing | 81 | 75.0 | 54 | 71.1 | 32 | 65.3 | 13 | 76.5 | 12 | 92.3 | 0.355 | 
| Craniosynostosis | 3 | 2.8 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.360 | 
| Hypopigmented hair | 50 | 46.3 | 23 | 30.3 | 15 | 30.6 | 8 | 47.1 | 3 | 23.1 | 0.089 | 
| Hyperpigmented hair | 2 | 1.9 | 1 | 1.3 | 2 | 4.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 1 | 7.7 | 0.521 | 
| CHIN: | |||||||||||
| Micrognathia | 24 | 22.2 | 18 | 23.7 | 5 | 10.2 | 6 | 35.3 | 6 | 46.2 | 0.039 | 
| Prognathia | 11 | 10.2 | 5 | 6.6 | 8 | 16.3 | 2 | 11.8 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.317 | 
| Retrognathia | 7 | 6.5 | 6 | 7.9 | 3 | 6.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.661 | 
| EYES: | |||||||||||
| Almond-shaped | 61 | 56.5 | 46 | 60.5 | 31 | 63.3 | 10 | 58.8 | 8 | 61.5 | 0.945 | 
| Slit-like eyes | 5 | 4.6 | 5 | 6.6 | 8 | 16.3 | 4 | 23.5 | 2 | 15.4 | 0.025 | 
| Strabismus | 61 | 56.5 | 40 | 52.6 | 22 | 44.9 | 7 | 41.2 | 5 | 38.5 | 0.467 | 
| Esotropia | 53 | 49.1 | 40 | 52.6 | 18 | 36.7 | 6 | 35.3 | 5 | 38.5 | 0.341 | 
| Exotropia | 6 | 5.6 | 3 | 3.9 | 4 | 8.2 | 4 | 23.5 | 1 | 7.7 | 0.065 | 
| Ptosis | 15 | 13.9 | 11 | 14.5 | 10 | 20.4 | 3 | 17.6 | 4 | 30.8 | 0.515 | 
| Epicanthal folds | 38 | 35.2 | 22 | 28.9 | 11 | 22.4 | 5 | 29.4 | 3 | 23.1 | 0.549 | 
| Hypertelorism | 8 | 7.4 | 7 | 9.2 | 3 | 6.1 | 1 | 5.9 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.809 | 
| Hypotelorism | 9 | 8.3 | 11 | 14.5 | 7 | 14.3 | 2 | 11.8 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.424 | 
| EXTREMITIES: | |||||||||||
| Short fifth fingers | 23 | 21.3 | 24 | 31.6 | 23 | 46.9 | 4 | 23.5 | 4 | 30.8 | 0.026 | 
| BACK: | |||||||||||
| Kyphosis | 5 | 4.6 | 11 | 14.5 | 17 | 34.7 | 4 | 23.5 | 7 | 53.8 | <0.05 | 
| ABDOMEN: | |||||||||||
| Abdominal (central) distribution of fat (Central) | 44 | 40.7 | 53 | 69.7 | 32 | 65.3 | 11 | 64.7 | 12 | 92.3 | <0.05 |