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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Genet. 2021 Mar 13;100(1):29–39. doi: 10.1111/cge.13947

Table 4:

Physical Features Compared with Age of Growth Hormone (GH) Treatment Initiation

Age of initiation of GH (years) 0 – 1
N= 121
1 – 4
N=84
4 – 12
N=52
12 – 21
N=19
21 – 70
N=13
Chi-Square
p-value
N % N % N % N % N %
HEAD AND FACE:
Prominent occiput 15 13.9 12 15.8 5 10.2 2 11.8 2 15.4 0.928
Flat occiput 34 31.5 19 25.0 15 30.6 2 11.8 3 23.1 0.471
Round face 25 23.1 23 30.3 18 36.7 5 29.4 1 7.7 0.198
Narrow nose 22 20.4 22 28.9 22 44.9 7 41.2 6 46.2 0.013
Bitemporal narrowing 81 75.0 54 71.1 32 65.3 13 76.5 12 92.3 0.355
Craniosynostosis 3 2.8 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0.360
Hypopigmented hair 50 46.3 23 30.3 15 30.6 8 47.1 3 23.1 0.089
Hyperpigmented hair 2 1.9 1 1.3 2 4.1 0 0.0 1 7.7 0.521
CHIN:
Micrognathia 24 22.2 18 23.7 5 10.2 6 35.3 6 46.2 0.039
Prognathia 11 10.2 5 6.6 8 16.3 2 11.8 0 0.0 0.317
Retrognathia 7 6.5 6 7.9 3 6.1 0 0.0 0 0.0 0.661
EYES:
Almond-shaped 61 56.5 46 60.5 31 63.3 10 58.8 8 61.5 0.945
Slit-like eyes 5 4.6 5 6.6 8 16.3 4 23.5 2 15.4 0.025
Strabismus 61 56.5 40 52.6 22 44.9 7 41.2 5 38.5 0.467
Esotropia 53 49.1 40 52.6 18 36.7 6 35.3 5 38.5 0.341
Exotropia 6 5.6 3 3.9 4 8.2 4 23.5 1 7.7 0.065
Ptosis 15 13.9 11 14.5 10 20.4 3 17.6 4 30.8 0.515
Epicanthal folds 38 35.2 22 28.9 11 22.4 5 29.4 3 23.1 0.549
Hypertelorism 8 7.4 7 9.2 3 6.1 1 5.9 0 0.0 0.809
Hypotelorism 9 8.3 11 14.5 7 14.3 2 11.8 0 0.0 0.424
EXTREMITIES:
Short fifth fingers 23 21.3 24 31.6 23 46.9 4 23.5 4 30.8 0.026
BACK:
Kyphosis 5 4.6 11 14.5 17 34.7 4 23.5 7 53.8 <0.05
ABDOMEN:
Abdominal (central) distribution of fat (Central) 44 40.7 53 69.7 32 65.3 11 64.7 12 92.3 <0.05