VINO.

Methods	Prospective, randomised, multicentre trial with parallel groups.
Participants	131 participants with ischaemic chest pain lasting more than 20 mins (within the preceding 24 hours) and ECG changes and elevated cardiac markers Overall impression on level of risk in participants: high; all participants were cardiac biomarker positive
Interventions	Conservative arm: aspirin, beta blocker, UFH Invasive arm: as above and routine angiography (average time to angiography: 6.2 hours). 0% glycoprotein 2b/3a receptor antagonist use
Outcomes	Death all causes (30 days, 6 months), MI (30 days, 6 months), death or non‐fatal MI (30 days, 6 months), rehospitalisation (30 days, 6 months)
Notes	Recruitment commenced May 1998.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Sequentially numbered envelopes.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Sealed envelope.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Open.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Open.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	All participants were accounted for by the end of the trial; the trial used ITT analysis.
Other bias	Low risk	We did not detect any other sources of bias.

ACEI = angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; UFH = unfractionated heparin; MI = myocardial infarction; ITT = intention to treat; ECG = electrocardiogram; UA = unstable angina; STEMI = ST segment elevation myocardial infarction; CAD = coronary artery disease