Table 5.

Binary variable meta-analysis results.

Effect index	Detail index	Study	Heterogeneity test	Model	RR (95% CI)
Adverse reactions	Vomiting	3 [16, 22, 27]	I 2  = 0%, P=0.90	Fixed effects model	0.83 (0.46, 1.51), P=0.55
	Stress ulcer	2 [22, 30]	I 2  = 14%, P=0.28	Fixed effects model	0.47 (0.22, 1.02), P=0.06
	Esophageal reflux	8 [11, 13, 16, 17, 22, 28, 29, 31]	I 2  = 29%, P=0.19	Fixed effects model	0.43 (0.25, 0.74), P=0.002
	Bloating	10 [11, 13, 17, 22, 27, 29, 31, 33]	I 2  = 0%, P=0.45	Fixed effects model	0.39 (0.26, 0.58), P < 0.00001
	Constipation	12 [11, 13, 16, 19, 23, 27, 29, 33]	I 2  = 0%, P=0.76	Fixed effects model	0.31 (0.21, 0.45), P < 0.00001
	Diarrhea	14 [11, 13, 16, 19, 22, 23, 27, 29, 31]	I 2  = 0%, P=0.93	Fixed effects model	0.22 (0.14, 0.34), P < 0.00001
	Gastric retention	4 [11, 13, 27–29]	I 2  = 0%, P=0.84	Fixed effects model	0.34 (0.19, 0.60), P=0.0002
	Gastrointestinal bleeding	10 [13, 15, 17, 19, 25, 26, 28, 29, 31]	I 2  = 0%, P=0.93	Fixed effects model	0.39 (0.28, 0.54), P < 0.00001
Complication rate	Lung infection	12 [11, 13, 15, 17, 25, 26, 28–32]	I 2  = 65%, P=0.0009	Random effects model	0.44 (0.27, 0.72), P=0.001
	Gastrointestinal infection	4 [11, 13, 17, 29]	I 2  = 0%, P=0.96	Fixed effects model	0.40 (0.23, 0.68), P=0.0008
	Urinary tract infection	6 [11, 13, 15, 17, 28, 29]	I 2  = 0%, P=0.93	Fixed effects model	0.27 (0.15, 0.49), P < 0.0001
Poor prognostic indicators	Mortality rate	4 [16, 17, 22, 29]	I 2  = 0%, P=0.44	Fixed effects model	0.45 (0.22, 0.93), P=0.03
	Bacterial imbalance rate	6 [11, 15, 25, 26, 28, 32]	I 2  = 0%, P=0.79	Fixed effects model	0.32 (0.21, 0.48), P < 0.0001