Table 2.

Summary of studies assessing associations between Mobile Health Units and HIV, OUD, HCV, and other outcomes.

Study	Study Design	Location	Population	CJ-specific?	Intervention	Outcomes	Mobile Health Units?	Reported or Perceived Outcomes
Malone et al., 2020	Data Analysis	All 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico	Vulnerable populations/people living in resource-limited areas	No	Effect of Mobile Health Clinics Analyzing demographics, services provided, and mobile clinic’s affiliated institutions and funding	Linkage between community and clinical facilities	Mobile Health Clinics	Mobile Health Clinics increased linkage for a median number of 3491 visits annually.
Regis et al., 2020	Case Study	Boston, Massachusetts	Individuals with OUD at high risk of near-term death from a drug overdose	No	Effectiveness of mobile health initiatives	Increase access to harm reduction services, addiction treatment, and primary care by bringing on-demand services directly to the individuals	Community Care – Mobile Health Initiatives	Increase outcome in success in expanding access to health care for people with OUD and high levels of demand for and acceptability of the mobile medical model
Krawczyk et al., 2019	Retrospective Cohort Study	Baltimore City, MD	Justice-involved and other vulnerable persons lacking access to opioid pharmacotherapy	Yes- Jails	Buprenorphine to help engage persons who are disconnected from care	Delivering buprenorphine to hard-to-reach populations	Mobile Treatment Site	Mobile treatment site resulted in greater linkage. 67.9% of people who began treatment returned for a second visit or more, and 20.5% who initiated care were transferred to continue buprenorphine at a partnering site
Robinowitz et al., 2014	Program Outcome Evaluation	Baltimore, MD	People who inject drugs	No	Effect of mobile health units, specializing in wound care	Linkage between people who inject drugs and wound clinic within mobile health clinics	Mobile Health Clinic	Wound clinics within mobile health clinics can be successful, low cost, and can reach populations who otherwise might not receive care for their wounds.
Gibson et al., 2014	Cross-Sectional Study	Greater New Haven, CT	People who inject drugs	No	Effect of mobile health units	Linkage to mobile health units for people who inject drugs	Mobile Medical Clinics	Mobile medical clinics increase healthcare accessibility to reduce health disparities for marginalized communities.
Liebman et al., 2002	Retrospective Study	New Haven, CT	Individuals with increased risk of being HIV-positive/STDs	No	Effect of mobile medical programs improving STD and HIV testing by providing services to high-risk individuals	Linkage to mobile medical programs for HIV-positive individuals	Mobile Medical Programs	Mobile Medical Program was successful in HIV and STD testing

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Opioid Use Disorder (OUD), Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD).