Table 2.
Associations between hemochromatosis, iron-overload anemias, and NACLD with pancreatic cancer in the SEER-Medicare 1992–2015a.
| First primary pancreatic cancer | Later primaries pancreatic cancer | All primaries pancreatic cancer | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conditions | (N = 61,081) | (N = 18,993) | (N = 80,074) |
| Hemochromatosis | |||
| Model 1 OR (95% CI)b | 1.08 (0.89–1.31) | 1.06 (0.76–1.46) | 1.07 (0.91–1.26) |
| Model 2 OR (95% CI)c | 1.04 (0.86–1.26) | 1.05 (0.76–1.46) | 1.04 (0.88–1.23) |
| Sideroblastic anemia | |||
| Model 1 OR (95% CI)b | 1.00 (0.85–1.18) | 1.33 (1.06–1.68) | 1.10 (0.97–1.26) |
| Model 2 OR (95% CI)c | 0.93 (0.79–1.09) | 1.30 (1.03–1.64) | 1.04 (0.91–1.18) |
| Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia | |||
| Model 1 OR (95% CI)b | 0.99 (0.86–1.13) | 1.16 (0.95–1.42) | 1.04 (0.93–1.17) |
| Model 2 OR (95% CI)c | 0.95 (0.83–1.10) | 1.13 (0.92–1.38) | 1.01 (0.90–1.13) |
| NACLD | |||
| Model 1 OR (95% CI)b | 1.21 (1.12–1.32) | 1.27 (1.11–1.46) | 1.23 (1.15–1.32) |
| Model 2 OR (95% CI)c | 1.10 (1.01–1.19) | 1.17 (1.02–1.35) | 1.12 (1.04–1.20) |
| Liver cirrhosis | |||
| Model 1 OR (95% CI)b | 1.20 (1.04–1.38) | 1.20 (0.95–1.51) | 1.20 (1.07–1.35) |
| Model 2 OR (95% CI)c | 1.08 (0.94–1.25) | 1.10 (0.87–1.40) | 1.09 (0.97–1.23) |
| Fatty liver disease | |||
| Model 1 OR (95% CI)b | 1.22 (1.08–1.38) | 1.34 (1.10–1.64) | 1.26 (1.13–1.39) |
| Model 2 OR (95% CI)c | 1.10 (0.97–1.24) | 1.24 (1.02–1.52) | 1.14 (1.02–1.26) |
Abbreviation: NACLD, non–alcoholic-related chronic liver disease.
aFirst primary pancreatic cancer was defined as pancreatic cancer occurring as a first malignancy and later primaries pancreatic cancer were defined as primary pancreatic cancer occurring as second or third malignancy between 1992 and 2015. International Classification of Diseases – 9th edition included: hemochromatosis (275.0, 275.01, and 275.03), sideroblastic (ICD-9 285.0), and congenital dyserythropoietic (ICD-9 285.8) anemias and NACLD (ICD-9 571.4, 571.41, 571.42, 571.49, 571.5, 571.6, 571.8, and 571.9).
bAdjusted for age category (66–69, 70–74, 75–79, 80–84, 85–89, 90–94, and 95–99 years); sex (men vs. women); calendar year of selection (1992–2000, 2001–2005, 2006–2009, 2010–2015); race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Asian/Pacific Islander, Hispanics, and other/unknown); SEER registry; average number of physician visits (quintiles); Medicaid/low-income subsidy (ever, never, unknown); average duration of Medicare Part A, B, or non-HMO coverage (quintiles); overweight/obesity (yes vs. no); smoking behavior-related diagnosis (yes vs. no); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (yes vs. no); alcohol-related diagnosis (yes vs. no); and CLD (yes vs. no).
cAdditionally adjusted for type 2 diabetes mellitus (yes vs. no) and pancreatitis (yes vs. no).