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. 2021 Oct 6;53(10):1547–1558. doi: 10.1038/s12276-021-00674-z

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a β-galactosidase staining was performed to evaluate cell aging (scale bar, 200 μm). b Alcian staining was performed to evaluate the extracellular matrix; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. Data are presented as the mean ± S.D., and the p values were determined by a two-tailed unpaired Student’s t-test. c Changes in the expression of proteins (collagen II, aggrecan, SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9), matrix metallopeptidase 3 (MMP3), MMP13, ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 4 (ADAMTS4), and ADAMTS5) when circSPG21 was knocked down, either alone or in combination with miR-1197. d Fluorescence intensity of collagen II, aggrecan, ADAMTS4, and MMP13 based on immunofluorescence (IF; scale bar, 100 μm). e Expression of genes (collagen II, aggrecan SOX9, MMP3, MMP13, ADAMTS4, and ADAMTS5), as detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR); *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. Data are presented as the mean ± S.D., and the p values were determined by a two-tailed unpaired Student’s t-test. f β-Galactosidase staining was performed to evaluate cell aging (scale bar, 200 μm). g Alcian staining was performed to evaluate the extracellular matrix. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. Data are presented as the mean ± S.D., and the p values were determined by a two-tailed unpaired Student’s t-test. h Expression of proteins (collagen II, aggrecan SOX9, MMP3, MMP13, ADAMTS4, and ADAMTS5) when miR-1197 was knocked down, either alone or in combination with ATP1B3, as determined by western blotting. i Fluorescence intensity of proteins (collagen II, aggrecan, ADAMTS4, and MMP13) when miR-1197 was knocked down, either alone or in combination with ATP1B3, as determined by IF (scale bar, 100 μm). j Expression of genes when miR-1197 was knocked down, either alone or in combination with ATP1B3, as detected by RT-qPCR; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Data are presented as the mean ± S.D., and the p values were determined by a two-tailed unpaired Student’s t-test.