Fig. 6.

Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-photos showing the effect of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), chamomile flower extract, and metformin (Met) treatments on rat kidney histology. Control photos show the typical architecture of cortical renal corpuscles (white arrow) and glomeruli (G) with average cell density. Renal tubules in both cortex and medulla regions look normal with normal high cuboidal lining epithelium (black arrows). PCOS photos show deformity of renal corpuscles (white arrow) and marked atrophy and decreased glomerular cellular density (G). The kidney tubules (dotted arrows) in both cortex and medulla show dilated lumina; degenerated lining cells with many tubules showed intra-luminal casts (insert, dotted arrow); and some peritubular capillaries were dilated and congested (star). Chamomile photos show marked preservation of typical cortical and medullary histological architecture. Metformin (Met) photos show restoration of typical structures of cortical renal corpuscles, glomeruli (white arrow), and tubules (black arrows) with only a few residual tubules with mild degenerative changes (dotted arrows).