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. 2021 Mar 5;45(6):617–630. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.03.001

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Effects of PG and its ginsenosides on the side effects caused by chemotherapy. PG and its ginsenosides were used to treat chemotherapy-induced side effects, including nephrotoxicity, gastrointestinal mucosa injury, cognitive impairment, myelosuppression, cardiotoxicity, immunotoxicity, hepatoxicity, and ototoxicity, mainly through the regulation of factors and signaling pathways related to oxidation, apoptosis, inflammation, autophagy, and immunity.