Table 2.
Trace metal contamination in common foodstuffs such as fruits, vegetables, fish, and meat products
| Experimental site/sample | Experiment type/analytical method | Trace elements | Salient findings | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Common vegetables/fish/dairy products | AAS | Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd, Fe, Ni | A higher concentration of HM was detected. | Ahmad et al. 2010 |
| Markets fruits and vegetables | ICP–MS | As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn | Exceeding MTLs set by FAO/WHO for Pb in mango and Cd in tomato | Shaheen et al. 2016 |
| Surrounding the Korotoa river (vegetables) | AAS | Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, Pb | As, Cd, and Pb in some vegetable species exceeded the maximum allowable concentration. | Islam et al. 2015b |
| Surrounding of the Turag river (vegetables) | ICP–MS | Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb | Health risks were predicted for Cr, Cu, As, Cd, and Pb | Islam and Hoque 2014 |
| Paksi (Pabna) (vegetables) | FAAS | Ni, Cd, Cr, Co, Pb, As, Hg, Zn, Cu | Pb was found above the tolerable limit | Tasrina et al. 2015 |
| Dry fishes, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh | EDX spectroscopy | Fe > Zn > Hg > Cu > Se > Cr > Mn > Co > Rb > Pb | Hazard index for Hg to children is higher than the standard | Rakib et al. 2021c |
| Buriganga River in Bangladesh (fishes) | AAS | Cd, As, Pb, Cr, Ni, Zn, Se, Cu, Mo, Mn, Sb, Ba, V, and Ag | The target cancer risk (TR) values indicated that Ni and As were carcinogenic. | Ahmed et al. 2016b |
| Dinajpur, Mymensingh, Bogra, Rajshahi, Patuakhali, Dhaka (vegetables) | AAS | Cd, As, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Ni | Both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk was predicted | Islam et al. 2018b |
| Shitalakhya river in Narayangonj, Bangladesh (vegetables) | FASS | Cu, Ni, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Zn | The health risk index (HRI) is 1, indicating that there is a relative absence of health risks. | Ratul et al. 2018 |
| Vegetables grown around Hazaribagh leather industrial area (vegetables) | ICP-MS | Fe, Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni, As, and Cd | The concentration of Cr and Fe were extremely higher than the tolerance limit | Mottalib et al. 2016 |
| Paira River (fishes) | AAS | Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, As, and Cd | Trace elements were found slightly higher than the MTL in fish species and potential health impact was predicted | Islam and Habibullah-Al-Mamun 2017 |
| Samta village, Bangladesh (vegetables) | ICP-AES | As, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn | Pb would be a health hazard for human consumption, followed by As in the diet. | Alam et al. 2003 |
| Bogra District of Bangladesh (vegetables and fish) | AAS | Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, and Pb | Cu, As, and Pb may lead to non-carcinogenic risk. | Islam et al. 2016 |
| Chicken farms around Dhaka, Bangladesh | EDX spectroscopy | As, Ni, Cr, Hg, and Pb | Detected trace metals shown several times higher concentrations than the tolerable limit, in particular in the studied chicken livers | Haque et al. 2021 |
FAAS flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer, ICP-AES inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry, AAS atomic absorption spectrophotometer