Multiple regulatory factors involved in alternative splicing. In addition to cis-acting elements and trans-acting factors, the elongation rate of RNA polymerase II during transcription affects the mode of alternative splicing, and histone modification plays an important role as a scaffold between transcription and alternative splicing. Moreover, m6A writers, readers, and erasers participate in alternative splicing. MRG15, Morf-related gene 15; PTB, polypyrimidine binding protein; H3K36me3, histone H3 Lys36 trimethylation; Pol II, RNA polymerase II; CTD, C-terminal domain; SR protein, serine/arginine-rich protein; hnRNP, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein; ESE, exon splicing enhancer; ESS, exon splicing silencer; ISE, intron splicing enhancer; ISS, intron splicing silencer; m6A, N6-methyladenine; YTHDC1, YTH domain containing 1; FTO, fat mass and obesity-associated protein; SRSF3, serine and arginine rich splicing factor 3; SRSF10, serine and arginine rich splicing factor 10; METTL16, methyltransferase like 16; METTL3, methyltransferase like 3; hnRNPA2B1, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1; hnRNPG, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein G.