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. 2021 Oct 22;12:725738. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.725738

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Copyright © 2021 Ball, Sutherasan, Fiorito, Dall'Orto, Maiello, Vargas, Robba, Brunetti, D'Antini, Raimondo, Huhle, Schultz, Rocco, Gama de Abreu and Pelosi.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Time course of interventions. Within each intervention block, different ventilation settings were delivered in random order. PSV_0%, conventional PSV ventilation with no variability; vPSV_15%, variable PSV with variability set to 15% CV; vPSV_30%, variable PSV with variability set to 30% CV; PSV_BL, PSV with no variability and baseline ΔP_S as per clinical indication; vPSV_BL, variable pressure support with variability set to achieve ±5 cmH₂O and baseline ΔP_S as per clinical indication; PSV₋₅, PSV with no variability and ΔP_S reduced by 5 cmH₂O from the baseline value; vPSV₋₅, variable PSV with variability set to achieve ±5 cmH₂O and ΔP_S reduced by 5 cmH₂O from the baseline value; PSV, pressure support ventilation; CV, coefficient of variation.