Table 1.

Childhood trauma, other childhood adversities, adult life events, and psychosis risk.

Factor/study	Diagnosis	k1	k2	Summary statistical value+ or common size effect++ and variance	I 2	Q
Childhood trauma
Total	PD, PS	2		d = 0.57 (0.39–0.74)	0	0.11ns
Specific trauma type
Sexual abuse	SCZ, Dis, PD, PS	2		d = 0.50 (0.39–0.62)	10.0	1.11*
Physical abuse	SCZ, Dis, PD, PS	2		d = 0.63 (0.51–0.74)	0	0.49 ns
Emotional abuse	SCZ, Dis, PD, PS	2		d = 0.77 (0.53–1.01)	11.6	1.13*
Neglect	SCZ, Dis, PD, PS	2		d = 0.47 (0.34–0.60)	0	0.76 ns
Other childhood adversities
Bullying in childhood	PD, PS	2		d = 0.49 (0.37–0.62)	0	0.16 ns
Parental death	PD, PS	2		d = 0.12 (0.04–0.21)	0	0.71 ns
Variations in parental communication De Sousa et al.	PD		19	d = 0.97 (0.76–1.18)	46.5	33.4****
Adult life events
Beards et al.	PD, PE		13	D = 0.64 (0.42–0.86)	87.3

Summary effects and qualitative review of included 1meta-analyses. PD, psychotic disorder; SCZ, schizophrenia; PE, psychotic experiences; PS, psychotic symptoms; Dis, dissociation; k1, number of meta-analysis for summary effect size; k2, number of effect sizes included in study; d, Cohen's d; ⁺pooled result of several meta-analyses written in bold letters; ⁺⁺one meta-analysis available, result converted in common effect size and presented qualitatively; Q, Cochran's Q heterogeneity statistics; I², I² index for heterogeneity. *p < 0.3; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01; ****p < 0.001; ^ns, not significant.