Table 1.
Summary of antiretroviral, viral entry, cell/plasma and alternative strategies against severe COVID-19 (Ky and Mann, 2020; Lythgoe and Middleton, 2020).
| Treatment strategies | Drug name | Mechanism of action |
|---|---|---|
| Receptor agonists | Losartan | Anti-RAS |
| Antimalarial | Camostat | Targeting viral entry |
| Hydroxychloroquine | Targeting viral entry | |
| Chloroquine phosphate | Targeting viral entry | |
| Antiviral | Umifenovir (Arbidol) | Targeting viral replication |
| Remdesivir | Targeting viral replication | |
| Lopinavir-ritonavir | Targeting viral replication | |
| Arbidol or lopinavir-ritonavir | Targeting viral replication | |
| Darunavir-cobicistat | Targeting viral replication | |
| Cell and plasma | Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) | Tissue repair |
| Plasma | Neutralizing antibodies | |
| Alternative | Bevacizumab | Anti-VEGF |