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. 2021 Nov 5;16(11):e0259594. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259594

Table 2. Descriptive information for the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Internet Addiction Test (IAT), and their subscales (N = 2749).

Scales or subscales Mean SD Potential range Actual range Skewness
PSQI global 6.73 3.16 0–21 0–19 0.43
Subjective sleep quality 1.09 0.81 0–3 0–3 0.46
Sleep latency 0.80 0.88 0–3 0–3 0.17
Sleep duration 0.80 0.88 0–3 0–3 0.17
Sleep efficiency 1.05 1.12 0–3 0–3 0.90
Sleep disturbance 1.14 0.54 0–3 0–3 0.82
Use of sleep medication 0.19 0.55 0–3 0–3 0.29
Daytime dysfunction 1.07 0.82 0–3 0–3 0.36
IAT total 39.65 17.84 0–100 0–100 0.31
Salience 9.10 5.16 0–25 0–25 0.42
Excessive use 10.82 4.96 0–25 0–25 0.25
Neglect work 5.84 3.64 0–15 0–15 0.38
Anticipation 3.68 2.32 0–10 0–10 0.48
Lack of control 7.16 3.63 0–15 0–15 0.15
Neglect social life 3.02 2.08 0–10 0–10 0.64