Figure 5.

Prediction error modulation of BLA PV neurons. A, B, PV-Cre rats (n = 19) received AAV-encoding Cre-dependent gCaMP7s and fiber optic cannulae into the BLA. Location of fiber tips in BLA and gCaMP expression for each rat. Viral spread shown is specific to expression within the BLA and does not show occasional spread into adjacent regions. Two-color immunofluorescence showed gCaMP7s expression in PV neurons (n = 2). C, Blocking of associative fear learning. Group Block (n = 10) showed more fear to CSAB than group Control (n = 9) in Stage II but group Control learned to fear CSAB in Stage II. Group Control were more afraid of CSB on test than group Block. D, Fiber photometry showing US-evoked transients in BLA PV neurons during Stage II of associative blocking for groups Control and Block. Colored bars above transients show periods significantly different to 0% ΔF/F (p < 0.05). E, Subject-based ΔF/F 0–7 s after US onset. F, Trial-based ΔF/F 0–7 s after US onset. *p < 0.05.