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Effect of PM2.5 exposure on the expression of insulin-PI3K-Akt-GLUT2 signaling pathway molecules. (a–e) PM2.5-induced mRNA expression changes of INSR (a), IRS-1 (b), PI3K (c), Akt (d), and GLUT2 (e). Values are shown as the mean ± standard error of 12 rats/group. ∗p < 0.05, and ∗∗p < 0.01.
