Table 3.
Associations between attitudes towards NPIs and public health messaging and adoption clusters for COVID-19 NPIs.
| Attitudes towards COVID-19 public health behaviours and messaging | Odds of being a non-adopter compared to adopter | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total N = 4498 (%) |
Adopter cluster (N = 3504) (%) | Non-adopter cluster (N = 994) (%) | OR | 95% CI | aOR | 95% CI | |
| Have you downloaded a contact tracing application for COVID-19 | |||||||
| No (REF) | 3105 (69) | 2211 (71) | 894 (29) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| Yes | 1393 (31) | 1293 (93) | 100 (7) | 0.19 | 0.15–0.24 | 0.30 | 0.24–0.38 |
| Public health messaging has been clear/understandable | |||||||
| Strongly agree/Agree (REF) | 2548 (57) | 2274 (89) | 274 (11) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| Strongly disagree/disagree | 1835 (41) | 1155 (63) | 680 (37) | 4.89 | 4.18–5.72 | 3.69 | 3.09–4.40 |
| Unsure/can’t say | 115 (3) | 75 (65) | 40 (35) | 4.43 | 2.96–6.63 | 3.45 | 2.14–5.56 |
| Public health messaging around COVID-19 has been consistent | |||||||
| Strongly agree/agree (REF) | 2195 (49) | 1974 (90) | 221 (10) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| Strongly disagree/disagree | 2155 (48) | 1438 (67) | 717 (33) | 4.45 | 3.77–5.25 | 3.69 | 3.06–4.45 |
| Unsure/can’t say | 148 (3) | 92 (62) | 56 (38) | 5.44 | 3.79–7.79 | 4.69 | 3.09–7.10 |
| COVID-19 restrictions are harming our economy | |||||||
| Strongly agree/agree (REF) | 3477 (77) | 2555 (73) | 922 (27) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| Strongly disagree/disagree | 838 (19) | 781 (93) | 57 (7) | 0.20 | 0.15–0.27 | 0.43 | 0.32–0.59 |
| Unsure/can’t say | 183 (4) | 168 (92) | 15 (8) | 0.25 | 0.15–0.42 | 0.42 | 0.24–0.74 |
| Has messaging/advertising had an impact on your likelihood to do these? | |||||||
| Physical distancing | |||||||
| Much more/more likely | 3024 (67) | 2793 (92) | 231 (8) | 0.11 | 0.09–0.13 | 0.13 | 0.11–0.16 |
| No difference (REF) | 1173 (26) | 667 (57) | 506 (43) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| Lot less/little less likely | 239 (5) | 27 (11) | 212 (89) | 10.35 | 6.82–15.70 | 8.34 | 5.24–13.28 |
| Not seen any messaging or advertising | 62 (1) | 17 (27) | 45 (73) | 3.49 | 1.97–6.17 | 10.48 | 5.40–20.34 |
| Masking | |||||||
| Much more/more likely | 3108 (69) | 2902 (93) | 206 (7) | 0.10 | 0.08–0.12 | 0.13 | 0.11–0.17 |
| No difference (REF) | 960 (21) | 559 (58) | 401 (42) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| Lot less/little less likely | 388 (9) | 38 (10) | 350 (90) | 12.84 | 8.97–18.38 | 9.49 | 6.44–13.99 |
| Not seen any messaging or advertising | 42 (1) | 5 (12) | 37 (88) | 10.32 | 4.02–26.48 | 35.81 | 12.98–98.82 |
| Avoiding public places | |||||||
| Much more/more likely | 3033 (67) | 2846 (94) | 187 (6) | 0.72 | 0.06–0.09 | 0.09 | 0.07–0.11 |
| No difference (REF) | 1138 (25) | 596 (52) | 542 (48) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| Lot less/little less likely | 269 (6) | 44 (16) | 225 (84) | 5.62 | 3.99–7.93 | 4.34 | 2.96–6.36 |
| Not seen any messaging or advertising | 58 (1) | 18 (31) | 40 (69) | 2.44 | 1.38–4.31 | 7.29 | 3.84–13.86 |
| Staying home when sick | |||||||
| Much more/more likely | 3203 (71) | 2845 (89) | 358 (11) | 0.16 | 0.13–0.19 | 0.17 | 0.14–0.20 |
| No difference (REF) | 1131 (25) | 631 (56) | 500 (44) | 1.00 | – | 1.00 | – |
| Lot less/little less likely | 107 (2) | 22 (21) | 85 (79) | 4.88 | 3.01–7.91 | 5.08 | 2.87–8.98 |
| Not seen any messaging or advertising | 57 (1) | 6 (11) | 51 (89) | 10.73 | 4.57–25.20 | 36.90 | 14.52–93.72 |
Bold signals statistically significant p-values (< 0.05).
Odds ratios are the odds of being in the non-adopter cluster compared to odds of being in the adopter cluster.
CI confidence interval, REF reference group, cOR crude odds ratio using logistic regression, aOR adjusted odds ratio, adjusted for sex, age, province of residence, highest education and political leaning.