Table 3.
Annualized all-cause healthcare utilization and expenditure among patients with NMOSD and matched comparison patients
| Patients with NMOSDa (n = 1363) | Comparison patientsa (n = 1363) | Differenceb | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Annualized all-cause healthcare utilization | |||
| Hospital/inpatient care | |||
| Acute care facilities | |||
| Patients with ≥ 1 hospitalization, % (95% CI) | 49.3 (46.1–51.2) | 10.3 (8.9–11.8) | 39.0 (34.6–41.2) |
| Number of hospitalizations, mean (95% CI) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 0.1 (0.1–0.1) | 0.8 (0.6–0.9) |
| Number of hospital days, mean (95% CI) | 11.3 (9.0–13.4) | 0.1 (0.1–0.2) | 11.2 (8.9–13.3) |
| Number of ICU days, mean (95% CI) | 1.4 (1.0–1.9) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 1.4 (1.0–1.9) |
| Rehabilitation facilities | |||
| Number of admissions, mean (95% CI) | 0.2 (0.1–0.4) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.2 (0.1–0.4) |
| Number of rehabilitation days, mean (95% CI) | 0.3 (0.1–0.7) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 0.3 (0.1–0.7) |
| Other facilities | |||
| Number of admissions, mean (95% CI) | 0.8 (0.4–1.1) | 0.0 (0.0–0.1) | 0.8 (0.4–1.1) |
| Number of inpatient days, mean (95% CI) | 2.1 (1.2–3.0) | 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | 2.1 (1.2–3.0) |
| Ambulatory/outpatient care | |||
| Patients with ≥ 1 encounter, % (95% CI) | |||
| All care settings | 99.9 (99.6–100.0) | 90.1 (88.3–91.3) | 9.8 (8.1–11.3) |
| Emergency department | 44.5 (41.8–46.6) | 20.0 (17.2–22.4) | 24.6 (20.4–27.5) |
| Physician office | 98.3 (97.6–98.9) | 88.1 (86.4–89.6) | 10.2 (8.1–11.5) |
| Hospital outpatient | 92.2 (90.9–93.5) | 60.0 (57.5–62.3) | 32.2 (29.0–35.0) |
| Other | 79.0 (77.0–81.1) | 58.2 (55.1–60.3) | 20.8 (17.9–24.5) |
| Number of encounters, mean (95% CI) | |||
| All care settings | 32.0 (30.2–33.7) | 14.7 (13.1–15.7) | 17.3 (15.1–19.4) |
| Emergency department | 0.5 (0.4–0.6) | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) | 0.3 (0.2–0.4) |
| Physician office | 15.4 (14.5–15.9) | 11.3 (10.3–12.4) | 4.1 (2.8–4.9) |
| Hospital outpatient | 7.2 (6.6–7.7) | 2.0 (1.7–2.2) | 5.2 (4.5–5.9) |
| Other | 8.9 (7.0–10.0) | 1.3 (1.1–1.4) | 7.6 (5.8–8.8) |
| Outpatient pharmacy | |||
| Number of prescriptions dispensed, mean (95% CI) | 33.4 (30.9–35.0) | 21.0 (18.3–23.3) | 12.4 (8.8–15.0) |
| All-cause healthcare expenditures,c mean (95% CI) | |||
| Hospital/inpatient care | $27,617 ($21,724–33,954) | $2150 ($1241–3111) | $25,466 ($19,967–32,235) |
| Acute care facilities | $26,568 ($20,946–32,541) | $2121 ($1403–2836) | $24,447 ($18,285–30,399) |
| Rehabilitation facilities | $182 ($26–415) | $0 ($0–1) | $181 ($26–414) |
| Other facilities | $867 ($215–1899) | $29 ($6–65) | $838 ($165–1872) |
| Ambulatory/outpatient care | $29,282 ($26,715–31,592) | $4788 ($3743–5895) | $24,494 ($22,364–26,731) |
| Emergency department | $670 ($539–804) | $259 ($171–362) | $411 ($251–567) |
| Physician office | $6303 ($5455–6942) | $1568 ($1223–1873) | $4735 ($3886–5452) |
| Hospital outpatient | $17,328 ($15,354–19,325) | $2230 ($1728–2794) | $15,097 ($12,614–17,118) |
| Other | $4982 ($3933–6105) | $731 ($487–1033) | $4251 ($3198–5194) |
| Outpatient pharmacy | $3700 ($3208–4284) | $1973 ($1476–2435) | $1726 ($973–2406) |
| Total | $60,599 ($52,112–66,716) | $8912 ($7084–10,727) | $51,687 ($43,820–58,664) |
CI confidence interval, ICU intensive care unit, NMOSD neuromyelitis spectrum disorder, SD standard deviation
aThe median (interquartile range) duration of the follow-up period was 2.0 (2.2) years for patients with NMOSD and 2.1 (2.3) years for comparison patients
bThe difference was calculated as the NMOSD-attributable utilization and expenditure minus the utilization and expenditure of comparison patients
cReported in 2018 US dollars