FIGURE 4.

Reproduction (a) and damage symptoms (b) of the hibiscus‐specialized lineage of Aphis gossypii with feeding experience on pre‐infected cucumber leaves for two generations (HI‐acclimated) on intact cucumber plants. The HI lineage and the CU lineage (the cucumber‐specialized lineage) acted as negative control and positive control, respectively. The error bars represent standard errors. p‐values are significances of the independent samples t‐test. The damage symptoms showed on photographs are representative of those observed during the experiments