Table 2. Factors Associated With Physician Ability to Estimate Out-of-Pocket Costs in Multivariate Linear Regression.
| Variable | β coefficient | SE (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Specialty | |||
| Primary care | [Reference] | [Reference] | [Reference] |
| Gastroenterology | 1.28 | 4.86 (−8.28 to 10.84) | .79 |
| Rheumatology | −2.68 | 4.45 (−11.43 to 6.06 | .55 |
| Attitudes toward cost conversations | |||
| Duty to discuss costs | 3.72 | 2.08 (−0.38 to 7.82) | .08 |
| Barriers to discussing costs | −0.15 | 1.28 (−2.67 to 2.38) | .91 |
| Expected to discuss costs | 3.25 | 3.63 (−3.89 to 10.40) | .37 |
| Years of experience | 0.00 | 0.19 (−0.38 to 0.37) | .99 |
| Percent outpatient clinical time | −0.04 | 0.09 (−0.22 to 0.14) | .66 |
| Academic affiliation | −3.87 | 4.72 (−13.16 to 5.42) | .41 |
| Use of EHR that provides cost information | |||
| No | [Reference] | [Reference] | [Reference] |
| Yes | 10.10 | 3.89 (2.45 to 17.76) | .01a |
| Unsure | −10.86 | 7.32 (−25.26 to 3.53) | .14 |
Abbreviation: EHR, electronic health record.
a
Significant at the α = .05 level.