Table 6.

Association of low testosterone (independent variable) with low SHBG (dependent variable) in 4061 participants analyzed by weighted multivariable binary logistic regression

	Odds ratio	95% CI	P-value
Model 1	1.34	1.34-1.34	<0.001
Model 2	9.85	9.82-9.87	<0.001
Model 3	5.44	5.43-5.46	<0.001
Model 4	5.28	5.25-5.29	<0.001

Model 1: unadjusted. Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Model 3: adjusted for all the factors in Model 2 plus body mass index (natural log-transformed), physical activity, smoking status, and alcohol drinking status. Model 4: adjusted for all the factors in Model 3 plus comorbidities including heart attack, angina, congestive heart failure, coronary heart disease, stroke, chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema, liver condition, kidney disease, thyroid disease, cancer, HIV, arthritis, diabetes, and hypertension.