Table 1.
Baseline characteristic of the participants
| WHO | CDC | Local IOTF | International IOTF | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal weight | Overweight | Obese | Normal weight | Overweight | Obese | Normal weight | Overweight | Obese | Normal weight | Overweight | Obese | |
| N (%) | 1011 (78.1) | 199 (15.4) | 85 (6.6) | 889 (79.7) | 128 (11.5) | 98 (8.5) | 984 (76) | 211 (16.3) | 100 (7.7) | 1048 (80.9) | 182 (14.1) | 65 (5.0) |
| Male (%) | 523 (51.7) | 96 (48.2) | 51 (60) | 463 (52.1) | 60 (46.9) | 55 (56.1) | 513 (52.1)† | 94 (44.5) | 63 (63) | 545 (52.0) | 88 (48.4) | 37 (56.9) |
| Age (years) | 10.7 ± 4.1† | 11.9 ± 3.6* | 11.1 ± 3.7 | 11.9 ± 3.1† | 12.3 ± 3.1 | 13.0 ± 3.0** | 10.8 ± 4.1 | 11.4 ± 4.1 | 11.4 ± 3.6 | 10.7 ± 4.1† | 12.3 ± 3.4* | 11.1 ± 3.8 |
| Weight (kg) | 36.5 ± 14.9† | 52.4 ± 18.2* | 59.8 ± 21.1** | 40.2 ± 13.2† | 54.0 ± 15.7* | 67.9 ± 15.6** | 36.5 ± 14.7† | 49.7 ± 19.3* | 60.4 ± 20.2** | 36.6 ± 14.9† | 55.5 ± 17.2* | 62.1 ± 21.7** |
| BMI (kg /m2) | 17.2 ± 2.5† | 22.5 ± 3.2* | 27.3 ± 6.5** | 17.70 ± 2.5† | 22.8 ± 2.4* | 28.3 ± 5.3** | 17.1 ± 2.5† | 21.9 ± 3.3* | 26.9 ± 6.1** | 17.3 ± 2.6† | 23.4 ± 2.9* | 28.3 ± 6.9** |
| WC (cm) | 61.2 ± 8.6† | 73.1 ± 10.1* | 81.6 ± 13.9** | 62.5 ± 8.1† | 74.4 ± 8.3* | 83.5 ± 11.6** | 61.1 ± 8.4† | 72.4 ± 10.1* | 80.9 ± 13.3** | 61.4 ± 8.6† | 75.0 ± 9.6* | 82.9 ± 14.7** |
| Abdominal obesity (%) | 23 (2.7)† | 67 (36.6)* | 66 (85.7)** | 29 (3.3)† | 49 (38.3)* | 78 (79.6)** | 21 (2.5)† | 60 (33.0)* | 75 (81.5)** | 27 (3.1)† | 76 (44.4)* | 53 (89.8)** |
| SBP (mmHg) | 102.6 ± 11.3† | 107.5 ± 12.2* | 110.9 ± 11.9** | 103.5 ± 10.8† | 107.9 ± 12.5* | 112.6 ± 11.9** | 102.7 ± 11.3† | 106.2 ± 12.1* | 111.6 ± 12** | 102.8 ± 11.4† | 107.1 ± 11.5* | 112.7 ± 11.6** |
| DBP (mmHg) | 69.4 ± 9.5† | 72.6 ± 8.7* | 73.9 ± 10.7** | 70.0 ± 9.4† | 72.9 ± 8.8* | 73.9 ± 10.4** | 69.4 ± 9.5† | 71.9 ± 8.9* | 74.3 ± 10.6** | 69.6 ± 9.6† | 72.3 ± 9.0* | 75.0 ± 9.9** |
| Hypertension (%) | 144 (14.6)† | 32 (16.3) | 27 (32.1)** | 105 (12.0)† | 21 (16.7) | 21 (21.4)** | 138 (14.4)† | 34 (16.5) | 31 (31.3)** | 154 (15.1)† | 27 (15.0) | 22 (33.8)** |
| FPG (mg/dl) | 86.86 ± 8.28† | 88.8 ± 7.7* | 90.2 ± 7.5** | 87.8 ± 7.9 | 88.7 ± 7.2 | 89.6 ± 8.1 | 86.9 ± 8.2† | 87.9 ± 8.0 | 90.6 ± 7.7** | 86.9 ± 8.3† | 89.0 ± 7.8* | 90.60 ± 7.42** |
| TC (mg/dL) | 166.5 ± 30.2† | 179.5 ± 31.0* | 185.6 ± 38.1** | 166.1 ± 30.7† | 179.8 ± 31* | 186.4 ± 37.4** | 166.1 ± 30.2† | 180.2 ± 30.8* | 183.6 ± 37.1** | 166.8 ± 30.2† | 179.1 ± 30.5* | 189.7 ± 41.6** |
| TG (mg/dl)a |
87.5 (67–116)† |
112 (86–154.5)* |
145 (91–187)** |
89 (67–117)† |
112 (86.5–154.5)* |
151.5 (98.8–195.3)** |
87 (66–115)† |
110 (86–151.5)* |
138 (89.5–181)** |
88 (67–116)† |
113.5 (86.8–161)* |
146 (97.5–188.5)** |
| HDL-C (mg/dl) | 45.1 ± 10.9† | 41.4 ± 9.5* | 40.2 ± 8.9** | 45.1 ± 10.8† | 40.6 ± 8.8* | 39.3 ± 9.5** | 45.2 ± 10.8† | 41.7 ± 10* | 40.0 ± 8.6** | 45.1 ± 10.8† | 40.7 ± 9.4* | 40.3 ± 8.9** |
| LDL-C (mg/dl) | 101.6 ± 26.9† | 112.4 ± 27.8* | 116.5 ± 34.0** | 101.1 ± 27.4† | 113.7 ± 27.3* | 115.5 ± 33.6** | 101.4 ± 26.9† | 113.1 ± 27.3* | 114.6 ± 33.0** | 101.9 ± 26.9† | 111.8 ± 26.9* | 119.8 ± 37.5** |
| Family history CVD (%) | 31 (3.1)† | 14 (7.1)* | 2 (2.4) | 30 (3.4)† | 12 (9.5)* | 3 (3.1) | 30 (3.1)† | 14 (6.7)* | 3 (3.1) | 32 (3.1)† | 13 (7.3)* | 2 (3.1) |
WHO World Health Organization, CDC Center for Disease Control and Prevention, IOTF International Obesity Task Force, CVD Cardio vascular disease, BMI Body mass index, WC Waist circumference, SBP Systolic blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, TC Total cholesterol, TG Triglycerides, HDL-C High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
Data are given as the mean ± SD or median (IQ 25–75) unless otherwise indicated (a)
*P value< 0.05 comparison between Normal weight and Over weight
** P value< 0.05 comparison between Normal weight and Obese
† P ANOVA < 0.05