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. 2021 Nov 5;18:256. doi: 10.1186/s12974-021-02312-x

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — PBM promoted the recovery of motor function, reduced tissue apoptosis, and increased the number of surviving neurons after SCI. A, B The BBB score and LSS were used to evaluate the recovery of motor function in the SCI + vehicle group and the SCI + PBM group (n = 6 rats per group). C TUNEL staining was used to detect the level of apoptosis in injured spinal cord tissue at 1 dpi, 3 dpi and 7 dpi. dpi: days post-injury. Representative images were obtained within ± 150 μm of the lesion epicenter in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. The apoptotic rate is represented by the number of TUNEL⁺ cells divided by the total number of cells in which nuclei were labeled in each field. Quantification of the TUNEL⁺ cell rate in the SCI + vehicle group and the SCI + PBM group (n = 6 rats per group at each time point). D The number of surviving neurons in the ventral spinal cord gradually decreased within 28 dpi. Representative images were obtained within ± 150 μm of the lesion epicenter in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. Quantification of the number of NeuN⁺ cells in the SCI + vehicle group and the SCI + PBM group (n = 6 rats per group at each time point). Statistical comparisons were performed using two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01