Yu 2004.

Study characteristics
Methods	Study design: single‐centre RCT Country: China Dates participants recruited: NR Maximum follow‐up: 2 years
Participants	Inclusion criteria: participants with recent AMI or after elective PCI. Exclusion criteria: Coronary heart disease without revascularisation procedures, significant mitral stenosis (defined as a mitral valve area of 1 cm2) or aortic stenosis (defined as an aortic valve gradient of 50 mmHg), active pericarditis or myocarditis, severe uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure 200 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure 100 mmHg), physical problems that precluded exercise, cognitive impairment or unwillingness to join the programme, malignancies that limited life span to less than 1 year. N randomised: total: 269; intervention: 181; comparator: 88 Diagnosis (% of participants): AMI: 72% PCI: 28% Age (mean ±SD): intervention: 64 ± 11; comparator: 64 ± 11 Percentage male: intervention: 76%; comparator: 75% Ethnicity: NR
Interventions	Intervention: Phase 1 was an inpatient ambulatory programme that lasted 7 to 14 days. Phase 2 was a 16‐session, twice weekly, outpatient exercise and education programme lasting for 8 weeks. Each session included 1 hour of education class followed by 2 hours of exercise training. The first hour of training focused on aerobic CV training with a target intensity of 65% to 85% of maximal aerobic capacity. This included treadmill, ergometry, rowing, stepper, arm ergometry, and dumbbell and weight training. The next hour was conducted by an occupational therapist in which domiciliary or vocational environment‐focused training was performed. Phase 3 was a community‐based home exercise programme for another 6 months. Components: exercise and education. Setting: centre followed by home. Exercise programme modality: treadmill, ergometry, rowing, stepper, arm ergometry, and dumbbell. Length of session: 2 hours (for 8 weeks) then unspecified at home. Frequency: twice a week (for 8 weeks) then unspecified at home. Intensity: 65% to 85% of maximal aerobic capacity. Resistance training included? Weight training. Total duration: 8 1/2 months. Co‐interventions: Phase 4 was a long‐term follow‐up programme until the end of 2 years, which included half‐yearly monitoring of lipid profiles, and again stressed the importance of regular exercise and risk factor modification. Comparator: conventional medical therapy. Co‐interventions: The control group attended a 2‐hour talk that explained CHD, the importance of risk factor modification, and potential benefits of physical activity, but without undergoing an outpatient exercise training programme.
Outcomes	Total mortality, HRQoL, costs.
Source of funding	Health Care & Promotion Fund Committee of Hong Kong.
Conflicts of interest	"No commercial party having a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit upon the authors(s) or upon any organization with which the author(s) is/are associated."
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	"randomized"
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not reported.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Blinding not described.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	24% lost to follow‐up; no description of withdrawals or dropouts.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	All outcomes reported at all time points.