Table 1.

Summary of Studies on Curcumin with Anti-Inflammatory Effect

Compounds	Experimental Models	Dosage and Administration	Effects	Ref
Curcumin	LPS-induced BV2 cells	1, 5, and 10μM	↓ NO, IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS ↑ IL-4, IL-10, Arg-1 promoted microglial polarization to the M2 phenotype	[8]
Curcumin	Subarachnoid hemorrhage mice models	100mg/kg, i.p.	↓ IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, and TNF-α, CD86 protein, ↑ IL-10, TGF-β ↓ TLR4 signaling	[9]
Curcumin	Cigarette smoke extract-treated Beas-2B cells	2.5, 5 and 7.5μM	↑ PPAR-γ, ↓ NF-κB	[11]
Curcumin	Cigarette smoke-induced COPD rat models	100mg/kg, i.g.	↑ PPAR-γ, ↓ NF-κB, inflammation score ↓TNF-α, IL-6	[11]
Curcumin	Gp120-induced BV2 cells	10 μM	↓ MCP-1, IL-17	[17]
Curcumin	LPS-induced inflammation in vascular smooth muscle cells	5, 10, 30 μmol/L for 24 h	↓ MCP-1, TNF-α, iNOS, NO ↓ ROS	[19]
Curcumin	Palmitate-induced inflammation in skeletal muscle C2C12 cells	40 μM	↓ TNF-α, IL-6 ↓ ROS	[20]
Curcumin	TNBS-Induced Colitis Rats	100mg/kg, i.g.	↓ TLR4, NF-κB, IL-27	[21]
Curcumin	dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis mice	100 mg/kg, i.g.	↓ IL-6, IL-17, IL-23 ↑ IL-10 regulating the Re-equilibration of Treg/Th17	[30]
Curcumin	DSS-induced colitis mouse model	100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally injected	↓ IL-1β, IL-6, MCP-1	[35]
Curcumin	DSS-induced ulcerative colitis mice model	50 mg/kg, standard diet supplemented	↓ TNF-α, IL-6	[44]
Curcumin	DSS-induced acute colitis in mice	15, 30, 60 mg/kg, intraperitoneally injected	↓ TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17 ↑ IL-10	[45]
Curcumin Curcumin nanoparticles	Post-traumatic osteoarthritis mouse model	50 mg/kg, i.g. 0.07 mg of 10 μg curcumin/1 mg nanoparticles, topical application	↓ MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-13, ADAMTS5, IL-1β, TNF-α	[57]
Acid-activatable curcumin polymer	Monoiodoacetic acid-induced osteoarthritis mouse model	2.5, 5 mg/kg, intramuscular injection	↓ IL-1β, TNF-α	[58]
Curcumin	Collagen-induced rat arthritis model	100, 200 mg/kg, oral	↓ TNF-α, IL-17, IL-1β and TGF-β	[59]
Curcumin	Anterior cruciate ligament transection rat model	50μL, Intra-articular administration	↓ IL-1β, TNF-ɑ	[61]
Curcumin loaded hyalurosomes	Fibroblast-like synovial cells		↑ IL-10 ↓ IL-6, IL-15, TNF-ɑ	[68]
Curcumin	Primary rat abdominal macrophages MSU-induced gouty arthritis rat model	1 μM 100, 150, 200 mg/kg, intraperitoneal administration	↓ IL-1β, TNF-α, NLRP3, caspase‐1	[70]
Curcumin	Imiquimod-induced differentiated HaCaT cells	25, 50 µM	↓ IL-17, TNF-ɑ, IL-6, IFN-γ	[80]
Curcumin	Transgenic mouse model of psoriasis	40 mg/kg	↓ IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-12, IL-22, IL-23	[82]
Curcumin	TPA-induced K14-VEGF transgenic psoriasis	Topical 50mg/cm2 curcumin gel, twice daily	↓ IFN-γ	[83]
Curcumin nanohydrogel	imiquimod-induced psoriasis model		↓ TNF-α, iNOS	[84]
Curcumin	Chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced rats model	100 mg/kg, daily	↓ IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α ↓ NF-κB activation ↓stressed-induced P2X7R/NLRP3 inflammasome axis activation	[102]
Curcumin	Chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced rats model	20mg/kg, oral	↓ IL-6, TNF-α	[103]
Curcumin	CUMS depression model	40 mg/kg, i.p.	↓ IL-1β	[104]
Curcumin	ApoE-/- mice	0.1% w/w, diet addition	↓ TLR4, IL-1β, TNF-α, VCAM-1, ICAM-1, NF-κB,	[122]
Mannich Curcuminoids	TNBS-induced colitis rats model	40 mg/kg, orally	↓ NF-κB, IL-6, IL-4, TNF-α	[149]
TRB-N0224	A rabbit anterior cruciate ligament transection injury-induced model of OA.	25, 50 mg/kg/day	↓IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-9, MMP-13	[150]
Curcumin analogue AI-44	MSU-induced THP-1 cell	3 μM	↓TNF-α, IL-1β	[157]
Curcumin diglutaric acid	LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells	1, 5, 10, 20, and 50 µM	↓ NO, IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS, COX-2	[160]
Curcumin-galactomannoside (CGM)	Acetic acid-induced colitis	250 mg/kg bwt	↓ COX-2, PGE2, iNOS, TLR4, IL-6, TNF-α	[171]
Next Generation Ultrasol Curcumin (NGUC)	MIA-induced OA	1100, 2200 mg/kg(20, 40 mg/kg of curcuminoids)	↓ TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, COMP, CRP, MMP-3, 5-LOX, COX-2, NF-κB	[174]