Yao 2006.

Methods	Type of study: parallel RCT Type of publication: full Source of funding: National Key Technologies R & D Program of China Country of origin: China Number of centres: 1 Dates of trial enrolment: 05/03 to 12/05 Length of follow‐up: 30 months Number (N) of participants randomised to each arm: 92 in treatment arm/92 in control arm Number (N) of participants analysed (primary outcome) in each arm: 90 in treatment arm/84 in control arm
Participants	Population: AMI within 1 week, PCI within 1 week Age, mean (SD) each arm: 58.3 (9.5) years in treatment arm, 58.1 (9.0) years in control arm Sex, % male in each arm: 89.1% in treatment arm, 88% in control arm Number of diseased vessels: 1 Number of stunned hyperkinetic, etc segments: not reported Time from symptom onset to initial treatment: PCI within 1 week of AMI in both arms Statistically significant baseline imbalances between the groups?: none
Interventions	Intervention arm: BMMNC Type of stem cells: bone marrow‐derived stem cells (mononuclear cells‐MNC) Summary of how stem cells were isolated and type and route of delivery: low temperature density gradient centrifugation of heparinised bone marrow cell suspension in lymphocyte isolation medium. PCI Dose of stem cells: single 2.1(3.7) x 108 cells Timing of stem cell procedure: infusion performed 2 hours after revascularisation Comparator arm: no additional therapy (control)
Outcomes	Primary outcomes: morbidity, mortality and adverse events Secondary outcomes: LVEF, LVEDD Outcome assessment points: baseline, 6 and 30 months Method(s): echocardiography, LV angiography
Notes	Translated from Chinese (Mandarin)
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	High risk	This Chinese trial was described as randomised but the method of randomisation was not reported
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	High risk	Treatment allocation was not concealed
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Controls did not undergo bone marrow aspiration and no placebo was administered; neither participants nor patients were blinded. It was not reported whether outcome assessors were blinded
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	10 randomised participants were withdrawn or excluded from the analysis of all outcomes, 2/92 in the BMSC group (1 emigrated to another country and one could not follow up due to economic change) and 8/92 in the control group (3 had changed address at 12 months, another 3 had changed address at 24 months, and a further 2 non‐local participants refused follow‐up)
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	All outcomes mentioned in the methods were reported in the results, although it would be difficult to rule out selective reporting
Other bias	Low risk	None reported or identified